Copines, a Family of Calcium Sensor Proteins and Their Role in Brain Function
Issued Date
2024-03-01
Resource Type
eISSN
2218273X
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85188790248
Journal Title
Biomolecules
Volume
14
Issue
3
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Biomolecules Vol.14 No.3 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Khvotchev M., Soloviev M. Copines, a Family of Calcium Sensor Proteins and Their Role in Brain Function. Biomolecules Vol.14 No.3 (2024). doi:10.3390/biom14030255 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/97842
Title
Copines, a Family of Calcium Sensor Proteins and Their Role in Brain Function
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Abstract
The Copines are a family of evolutionary conserved calcium-binding proteins found in most eukaryotic organisms from protists to humans. They share a unique architecture and contain tandem C2 domains and a Von Willebrand factor type A (VWA) domain. C2 domains in Copines bind calcium, phospholipids, and other proteins and mediate the transient association of these proteins with biological membranes at elevated calcium levels. The VWA domain also binds calcium and is involved in protein–protein interactions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the sequences, structures, expression, targeting, and function of the entire family of known Copine proteins (Copine 1–9 in mammals) with a particular emphasis on their functional roles in the mammalian brain. Neuronal Copines are implicated in a wide array of processes from cell differentiation to synaptic transmission and plasticity and are also linked to several pathological conditions from cancers to brain diseases. This review provides the most up-to-date insights into the structure and function of Copines, with an emphasis on their role in brain function.