Simulation study on cosmic ray shower rate variations with LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms

Issued Date

2024-09-27

Resource Type

Conference Paper

eISSN

18248039

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85212274833

Journal Title

Proceedings of Science

Volume

444

Rights Holder(s)

SCOPUS

Bibliographic Citation

Proceedings of Science Vol.444 (2024)

Suggested Citation

Yang C., Zhou X., Chen X., Huang D., Cao Z., Aharonian F., An Q., Axikegu, Bai Y.X., Bao Y.W., Bastieri D., Bi X.J., Bi Y.J., Cai J.T., Cao Q., Cao W.Y., Cao Z., Chang J., Chang J.F., Chen A.M., Chen E.S., Chen L., Chen L., Chen L., Chen M.J., Chen M.L., Chen Q.H., Chen S.H., Chen S.Z., Chen T.L., Chen Y., Cheng N., Cheng Y.D., Cui M.Y., Cui S.W., Cui X.H., Cui Y.D., Dai B.Z., Dai H.L., Dai Z.G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe D., Dong X.Q., Duan K.K., Fan J.H., Fan Y.Z., Fang J., Fang K., Feng C.F., Feng L., Feng S.H., Feng X.T., Feng Y.L., Gabici S., Gao B., Gao C.D., Gao L.Q., Gao Q., Gao W., Gao W.K., Ge M.M., Geng L.S., Giacinti G., Gong G.H., Gou Q.B., Gu M.H., Guo F.L., Guo X.L., Guo Y.Q., Guo Y.Y., Han Y.A., He H.H., He H.N., He J.Y., He X.B., He Y., Heller M., Hor Y.K., Hou B.W., Hou C., Hou X., Hu H.B., Hu Q., Hu S.C., Huang D.H., Huang T.Q., Huang W.J., Huang X.T., Huang X.Y., Huang Y., Huang Z.C., Ji X.L., Jia H.Y., Jia K., Jiang K., Jiang X.W., Jiang Z.J., Jin M., Kang M.M., Ke T. Simulation study on cosmic ray shower rate variations with LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms. Proceedings of Science Vol.444 (2024). Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/102500

Title

Simulation study on cosmic ray shower rate variations with LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms

Author(s)

Yang C.
 Zhou X.
 Chen X.
 Huang D.
 Cao Z.
 Aharonian F.
 An Q.
 Axikegu
 Bai Y.X.
 Bao Y.W.
 Bastieri D.
 Bi X.J.
 Bi Y.J.
 Cai J.T.
 Cao Q.
 Cao W.Y.
 Cao Z.
 Chang J.
 Chang J.F.
 Chen A.M.
 Chen E.S.
 Chen L.
 Chen L.
 Chen L.
 Chen M.J.
 Chen M.L.
 Chen Q.H.
 Chen S.H.
 Chen S.Z.
 Chen T.L.
 Chen Y.
 Cheng N.
 Cheng Y.D.
 Cui M.Y.
 Cui S.W.
 Cui X.H.
 Cui Y.D.
 Dai B.Z.
 Dai H.L.
 Dai Z.G.
 Danzengluobu
 della Volpe D.
 Dong X.Q.
 Duan K.K.
 Fan J.H.
 Fan Y.Z.
 Fang J.
 Fang K.
 Feng C.F.
 Feng L.
 Feng S.H.
 Feng X.T.
 Feng Y.L.
 Gabici S.
 Gao B.
 Gao C.D.
 Gao L.Q.
 Gao Q.
 Gao W.
 Gao W.K.
 Ge M.M.
 Geng L.S.
 Giacinti G.
 Gong G.H.
 Gou Q.B.
 Gu M.H.
 Guo F.L.
 Guo X.L.
 Guo Y.Q.
 Guo Y.Y.
 Han Y.A.
 He H.H.
 He H.N.
 He J.Y.
 He X.B.
 He Y.
 Heller M.
 Hor Y.K.
 Hou B.W.
 Hou C.
 Hou X.
 Hu H.B.
 Hu Q.
 Hu S.C.
 Huang D.H.
 Huang T.Q.
 Huang W.J.
 Huang X.T.
 Huang X.Y.
 Huang Y.
 Huang Z.C.
 Ji X.L.
 Jia H.Y.
 Jia K.
 Jiang K.
 Jiang X.W.
 Jiang Z.J.
 Jin M.
 Kang M.M.
 Ke T.

Author's Affiliation

State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection & Electronics
 Université Paris Cité
 Yunnan Observatories
 Nanjing University
 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences
 Shandong University
 Yunnan University
 Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
 Guangzhou University
 Tsinghua University
 Shanghai Jiao Tong University
 Sun Yat-Sen University
 University of Science and Technology of China
 Zhengzhou University
 Institiúid Ard-Lénn Bhaile Átha Cliath
 Sichuan University
 National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences
 Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
 Southwest Jiaotong University
 Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences
 Université de Genève
 Hebei Normal University
 Tibet University
 TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center

Corresponding Author(s)

Yang C.

Other Contributor(s)

Mahidol University

Abstract

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has three sub-arrays, KM2A, WCDA, and WFCTA. As the major array of LHAASO, KM2A has been operating stably in shower mode. To study the near-earth atmospheric electric field (AEF) effect on the trigger event rate during thunderstorms, Monte Carlo simulations are performed with CORSIKA and G4KM2A. According to the simulations, the shower rate variations are found to be strongly dependent on the strength and polarity of the AEF. The shower rates increase with the field intensity. In positive AEF (defined as the direction pointing towards the ground), the increased amplitude is less than that in negative AEF. With the same field strength 1000 V/cm, the value exceeds 12% in a negative field, and merely is up to 6% in the positive one. The dependence of the trigger rate variation on the thickness of the AEF layer is also simulated. The shower event rate increases dramatically at small thickness, and then the trend of variation slows down with the AEF layer thickness. This indicates that the AEF with larger layer thickness has more deflection effects on the development of an extensive air shower. The shower rate variations are also found to be dependent on the primary zenith angle. Our simulation results could be useful in understanding the variation of trigger rate detected by LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms.

Keyword(s)

Multidisciplinary

Availability

URI

https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/102500

Collections

Scopus 2024