Nano/micro-plastics: Sources, trophic transfer, toxicity to the animals and humans, regulation, and assessment
Issued Date
2023-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
10434526
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85136275989
Pubmed ID
36863834
Journal Title
Advances in Food and Nutrition Research
Volume
103
Start Page
141
End Page
174
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Advances in Food and Nutrition Research Vol.103 (2023) , 141-174
Suggested Citation
Khanashyam A.C., Anjaly Shanker M., Nirmal N.P. Nano/micro-plastics: Sources, trophic transfer, toxicity to the animals and humans, regulation, and assessment. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research Vol.103 (2023) , 141-174. 174. doi:10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.07.003 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/81582
Title
Nano/micro-plastics: Sources, trophic transfer, toxicity to the animals and humans, regulation, and assessment
Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Being in an era of revolutionized production, consumption, and poor management of plastic waste, the existence of these polymers has resulted in an accumulation of plastic litter in nature. With macro plastics themselves being a major issue, the presence of their derivatives like microplastics which are confined to the size limitations of less than 5 mm has ascended as a recent type of emergent contaminant. Even though there is size confinement, their occurrence is not narrowed and is extensively seen in both aquatic and terrestrial extents. The vast incidence of these polymers causing harmful effects on various living organisms through diverse mechanisms such as entanglement and ingestion have been reported. The risk of entanglement is mainly limited to smaller animals, whereas the risk associated with ingestion concerns even humans. Laboratory findings indicate the alignment of these polymers toward detrimental physical and toxicological effects on all creatures including humans. Supplementary to the risk involved with their presence, plastics also proceed as carters of certain toxic contaminants complemented during their industrial production process, which is injurious. Nevertheless, the assessment regarding the severity of these components to all creatures is comparatively restricted. This chapter focuses on the sources, complications, and toxicity associated with the presence of micro and nano plastics in the environment along with evidence of trophic transfer, and quantification methods.