Effects of the salivary gland massage program in older type 2 diabetes patients on the salivary flow rate, xerostomia, swallowing and oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial
Issued Date
2023-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
14441586
eISSN
14470594
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85162954577
Journal Title
Geriatrics and Gerontology International
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Geriatrics and Gerontology International (2023)
Suggested Citation
Jeamanukulkit S., Vichayanrat T., Samnieng P. Effects of the salivary gland massage program in older type 2 diabetes patients on the salivary flow rate, xerostomia, swallowing and oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial. Geriatrics and Gerontology International (2023). doi:10.1111/ggi.14629 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/87796
Title
Effects of the salivary gland massage program in older type 2 diabetes patients on the salivary flow rate, xerostomia, swallowing and oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial
Author(s)
Author's Affiliation
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Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effect of a salivary gland massage program to improve salivary flow, swallowing, and oral hygiene in older type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This randomized control trial consisted of 73 older diabetes patients with a low salivary flow; 39 and 34 in intervention and control groups, respectively. The intervention group received a salivary gland massage from a trained dental nurse, whereas the control group received a dental education. The salivary flow rates were collected using spit methods at baseline, 1-month and 3-month follow up. All participants were examined for the objective and subjective symptoms of xerostomia, the Simplified Debris Index and the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test. Results: After 3 months, the resting (0.32 vs 0.14 mL/min, P < 0.001) and stimulating salivary flow (3.66 vs 2.83 mL/min, P = 0.025) in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group. The objective symptoms in the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group after 3 months (1.41 vs 2.26, P = 0.001). The participants who were able to swallow least three times in the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test in the intervention group increased by 35.89% after 3 months, whereas the control group increased by 8.82%. Oral hygiene was improved in both groups, but the changes in the intervention were significantly greater than in the control group. Conclusions: The 3-month salivary glands massage program increases the salivary flow rate, and affects swallowing, objective dry mouth symptoms and oral hygiene in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Geriatr Gerontol Int ••; ••: ••–•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; ••: ••–••.