THE MICROSPORIDIAN ENTEROCYTOZOON HEPATOPENAEI IN SHRIMP CULTURE

Abstract

The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in shrimp causes a disease called hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM), resulting in slow growth and size variation in culture ponds. Annual economic losses in the Tai shrimp industry due to EHP infection have been estimated at >US$200 million. Biosecurity programs must be developed rapidly for prevention and control of this disease. Although scientifc knowledge on the mechanisms of EHP infection of shrimp is increasing, more research has to be focused on the environmental reservoir(s) or carrier(s) in the hatchery and grow-out pond. Tis review summarizes the available information on the mechanism of EHP transmission in shrimp, infection mechanism and updated detection methods. Last, the key recommendations for control of EHP in ponds are revealed, especially regarding the use of EHP free-post larvae and utilization of specifc-pathogen-free (SPF) stocks regarding EHP.