The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
Issued Date
2025-09-01
Resource Type
ISSN
22126864
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105012222395
Journal Title
Physics of the Dark Universe
Volume
49
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Physics of the Dark Universe Vol.49 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Di Valentino E., Said J.L., Riess A., Pollo A., Poulin V., Gómez-Valent A., Weltman A., Palmese A., Huang C.D., Bruck C.v.d., Saraf C.S., Kuo C.Y., Uhlemann C., Grandón D., Paz D., Eckert D., Teixeira E.M., Saridakis E.N., Colgáin E., Beutler F., Niedermann F., Bajardi F., Barenboim G., Gubitosi G., Musella I., Banik I., Szapudi I., Singal J., Cases J.H., Chluba J., Torrado J., Mifsud J., Jedamzik K., Said K., Dialektopoulos K., Herold L., Perivolaropoulos L., Zu L., Galbany L., Breuval L., Visinelli L., Escamilla L.A., Anchordoqui L.A., Sheikh-Jabbari M.M., Lembo M., Dainotti M.G., Vincenzi M., Asgari M., Gerbino M., Forconi M., Cantiello M., Moresco M., Benetti M., Schöneberg N., Akarsu Ö., Nunes R.C., Bernardo R.C., Chávez R., Anderson R.I., Watkins R., Capozziello S., Li S., Vagnozzi S., Pan S., Treu T., Irsic V., Handley W., Giarè W., Murakami Y., Banihashemi A., Poudou A., Heavens A., Kogut A., Domi A., Lenart A.Ł., Melchiorri A., Vadalà A., Amon A., Rivera A.B., Reeves A., Zhuk A., Bonanno A., Övgün A., Pisani A., Talebian A., Abebe A., Aboubrahim A., Morán A.L.G., Kovács A., Lymperis A., Papatriantafyllou A., Liddle A.R., Paliathanasis A., Borowiec A., Yadav A.K., Yadav A., Sen A.A., William A.J., Davis A.C., Shajib A.J. The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics. Physics of the Dark Universe Vol.49 (2025). doi:10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/111570
Title
The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
Author(s)
Di Valentino E.
Said J.L.
Riess A.
Pollo A.
Poulin V.
Gómez-Valent A.
Weltman A.
Palmese A.
Huang C.D.
Bruck C.v.d.
Saraf C.S.
Kuo C.Y.
Uhlemann C.
Grandón D.
Paz D.
Eckert D.
Teixeira E.M.
Saridakis E.N.
Colgáin E.
Beutler F.
Niedermann F.
Bajardi F.
Barenboim G.
Gubitosi G.
Musella I.
Banik I.
Szapudi I.
Singal J.
Cases J.H.
Chluba J.
Torrado J.
Mifsud J.
Jedamzik K.
Said K.
Dialektopoulos K.
Herold L.
Perivolaropoulos L.
Zu L.
Galbany L.
Breuval L.
Visinelli L.
Escamilla L.A.
Anchordoqui L.A.
Sheikh-Jabbari M.M.
Lembo M.
Dainotti M.G.
Vincenzi M.
Asgari M.
Gerbino M.
Forconi M.
Cantiello M.
Moresco M.
Benetti M.
Schöneberg N.
Akarsu Ö.
Nunes R.C.
Bernardo R.C.
Chávez R.
Anderson R.I.
Watkins R.
Capozziello S.
Li S.
Vagnozzi S.
Pan S.
Treu T.
Irsic V.
Handley W.
Giarè W.
Murakami Y.
Banihashemi A.
Poudou A.
Heavens A.
Kogut A.
Domi A.
Lenart A.Ł.
Melchiorri A.
Vadalà A.
Amon A.
Rivera A.B.
Reeves A.
Zhuk A.
Bonanno A.
Övgün A.
Pisani A.
Talebian A.
Abebe A.
Aboubrahim A.
Morán A.L.G.
Kovács A.
Lymperis A.
Papatriantafyllou A.
Liddle A.R.
Paliathanasis A.
Borowiec A.
Yadav A.K.
Yadav A.
Sen A.A.
William A.J.
Davis A.C.
Shajib A.J.
Said J.L.
Riess A.
Pollo A.
Poulin V.
Gómez-Valent A.
Weltman A.
Palmese A.
Huang C.D.
Bruck C.v.d.
Saraf C.S.
Kuo C.Y.
Uhlemann C.
Grandón D.
Paz D.
Eckert D.
Teixeira E.M.
Saridakis E.N.
Colgáin E.
Beutler F.
Niedermann F.
Bajardi F.
Barenboim G.
Gubitosi G.
Musella I.
Banik I.
Szapudi I.
Singal J.
Cases J.H.
Chluba J.
Torrado J.
Mifsud J.
Jedamzik K.
Said K.
Dialektopoulos K.
Herold L.
Perivolaropoulos L.
Zu L.
Galbany L.
Breuval L.
Visinelli L.
Escamilla L.A.
Anchordoqui L.A.
Sheikh-Jabbari M.M.
Lembo M.
Dainotti M.G.
Vincenzi M.
Asgari M.
Gerbino M.
Forconi M.
Cantiello M.
Moresco M.
Benetti M.
Schöneberg N.
Akarsu Ö.
Nunes R.C.
Bernardo R.C.
Chávez R.
Anderson R.I.
Watkins R.
Capozziello S.
Li S.
Vagnozzi S.
Pan S.
Treu T.
Irsic V.
Handley W.
Giarè W.
Murakami Y.
Banihashemi A.
Poudou A.
Heavens A.
Kogut A.
Domi A.
Lenart A.Ł.
Melchiorri A.
Vadalà A.
Amon A.
Rivera A.B.
Reeves A.
Zhuk A.
Bonanno A.
Övgün A.
Pisani A.
Talebian A.
Abebe A.
Aboubrahim A.
Morán A.L.G.
Kovács A.
Lymperis A.
Papatriantafyllou A.
Liddle A.R.
Paliathanasis A.
Borowiec A.
Yadav A.K.
Yadav A.
Sen A.A.
William A.J.
Davis A.C.
Shajib A.J.
Author's Affiliation
University of Oxford
University of Cambridge
Imperial College London
Sapienza Università di Roma
The University of Manchester
The University of Queensland
Johns Hopkins University
ETH Zürich
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
University of Science and Technology of China
Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Princeton University
Universitetet i Oslo
Universitat de Barcelona
The University of Sheffield
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Carnegie Mellon University
Newcastle University
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Université de Montpellier
The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
Universitat de València
Universiteit Leiden
University of Cape Town
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia
Stellenbosch University
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)
Università di Trento
University of Ferrara
Università degli Studi di Salerno
University of Patras
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
Universität Bielefeld
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - INFN
Universidade Federal Fluminense
National Sun Yat-Sen University
University of Wrocław
North-West University
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
University of Ioannina
University of Portsmouth
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome
Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa
University of Hertfordshire
HZDR - Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Space Telescope Science Institute
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Faculty of Mathematics
L-Università ta' Malta
Institute of Astronomy
Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Tehran
Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris
Universidad Católica del Norte
University Hawaii Institute for Astronomy
INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Bologna
Iranian Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences
European Space Agency - ESA
Eastern Mediterranean University
Instituto de Estudios Espaciales de Cataluña
University of Richmond
Lehman College
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
CSIC - Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM)
Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
Faculty of Science
Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University
University of Edinburgh, Institute for Astronomy
National Observatory of Athens
CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Espacio (ICE)
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara
Presidency University, Kolkata
The Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
Union College, Schenectady
National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ)
Atlantic Technological University
Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
Exzellenzcluster ORIGINS
HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications
Willamette University
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago
Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica
Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP)
Independent University, Bangladesh
Scuola Superiore Meridionale
Centro de Investigaciones En Quimica Biologica de Cordoba
Centre for Theoretical Physics, New Delhi
Indira Gandhi University
Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS)
Secretaría de Ciencia
United College of Engineering and Research
University of Cambridge
Imperial College London
Sapienza Università di Roma
The University of Manchester
The University of Queensland
Johns Hopkins University
ETH Zürich
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
University of Science and Technology of China
Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Princeton University
Universitetet i Oslo
Universitat de Barcelona
The University of Sheffield
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Carnegie Mellon University
Newcastle University
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Université de Montpellier
The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
Universitat de València
Universiteit Leiden
University of Cape Town
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia
Stellenbosch University
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)
Università di Trento
University of Ferrara
Università degli Studi di Salerno
University of Patras
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
Universität Bielefeld
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - INFN
Universidade Federal Fluminense
National Sun Yat-Sen University
University of Wrocław
North-West University
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
University of Ioannina
University of Portsmouth
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome
Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa
University of Hertfordshire
HZDR - Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Space Telescope Science Institute
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Faculty of Mathematics
L-Università ta' Malta
Institute of Astronomy
Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Tehran
Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris
Universidad Católica del Norte
University Hawaii Institute for Astronomy
INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Bologna
Iranian Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences
European Space Agency - ESA
Eastern Mediterranean University
Instituto de Estudios Espaciales de Cataluña
University of Richmond
Lehman College
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
CSIC - Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM)
Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
Faculty of Science
Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University
University of Edinburgh, Institute for Astronomy
National Observatory of Athens
CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Espacio (ICE)
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara
Presidency University, Kolkata
The Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
Union College, Schenectady
National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ)
Atlantic Technological University
Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
Exzellenzcluster ORIGINS
HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications
Willamette University
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago
Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica
Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP)
Independent University, Bangladesh
Scuola Superiore Meridionale
Centro de Investigaciones En Quimica Biologica de Cordoba
Centre for Theoretical Physics, New Delhi
Indira Gandhi University
Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS)
Secretaría de Ciencia
United College of Engineering and Research
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational sector with the emergence of differences between certain cosmological probes. In this White Paper, we identify the key objectives that need to be addressed over the coming decade together with the core science projects that aim to meet these challenges. These discordances primarily rest on the divergence in the measurement of core cosmological parameters with varying levels of statistical confidence. These possible statistical tensions may be partially accounted for by systematics in various measurements or cosmological probes but there is also a growing indication of potential new physics beyond the standard model. After reviewing the principal probes used in the measurement of cosmological parameters, as well as potential systematics, we discuss the most promising array of potential new physics that may be observable in upcoming surveys. We also discuss the growing set of novel data analysis approaches that go beyond traditional methods to test physical models. These new methods will become increasingly important in the coming years as the volume of survey data continues to increase, and as the degeneracy between predictions of different physical models grows. There are several perspectives on the divergences between the values of cosmological parameters, such as the model-independent probes in the late Universe and model-dependent measurements in the early Universe, which we cover at length. The White Paper closes with a number of recommendations for the community to focus on for the upcoming decade of observational cosmology, statistical data analysis, and fundamental physics developments. [Figure presented]