TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface
1
Issued Date
2023-04-01
Resource Type
ISSN
15420124
eISSN
19375913
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85152951256
Pubmed ID
37062429
Journal Title
Ocular Surface
Volume
28
Start Page
165
End Page
199
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Ocular Surface Vol.28 (2023) , 165-199
Suggested Citation
Stapleton F., Abad J.C., Barabino S., Burnett A., Iyer G., Lekhanont K., Li T., Liu Y., Navas A., Obinwanne C.J., Qureshi R., Roshandel D., Sahin A., Shih K., Tichenor A., Jones L. TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface. Ocular Surface Vol.28 (2023) , 165-199. 199. doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.006 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/82081
Title
TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface
Author's Affiliation
Ramathibodi Hospital
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
University of Waterloo, School of Optometry and Vision Science
The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
University of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
University of Colorado School of Medicine
UNSW Sydney
Sankara Nethralaya
Indiana University School of Optometry
Koç Üniversitesi
Ospedale Luigi Sacco - Polo Universitario
De Lens Ophthalmics Family and Vision Care Centre
Antioquia Ophthalmology Clinic-Clofan
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
University of Waterloo, School of Optometry and Vision Science
The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
University of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
University of Colorado School of Medicine
UNSW Sydney
Sankara Nethralaya
Indiana University School of Optometry
Koç Üniversitesi
Ospedale Luigi Sacco - Polo Universitario
De Lens Ophthalmics Family and Vision Care Centre
Antioquia Ophthalmology Clinic-Clofan
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Societal factors associated with ocular surface diseases were mapped using a framework to characterize the relationship between the individual, their health and environment. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigating factors on ocular surface diseases were considered in a systematic review. Age and sex effects were generally well-characterized for inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune and trauma-related conditions. Sex and gender, through biological, socio-economic, and cultural factors impact the prevalence and severity of disease, access to, and use of, care. Genetic factors, race, smoking and co-morbidities are generally well characterized, with interdependencies with geographical, employment and socioeconomic factors. Living and working conditions include employment, education, water and sanitation, poverty and socioeconomic class. Employment type and hobbies are associated with eye trauma and burns. Regional, global socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions, include remoteness, geography, seasonality, availability of and access to services. Violence associated with war, acid attacks and domestic violence are associated with traumatic injuries. The impacts of conflict, pandemic and climate are exacerbated by decreased food security, access to health services and workers. Digital technology can impact diseases through physical and mental health effects and access to health information and services. The COVID-19 pandemic and related mitigating strategies are mostly associated with an increased risk of developing new or worsening existing ocular surface diseases. Societal factors impact the type and severity of ocular surface diseases, although there is considerable interdependence between factors. The overlay of the digital environment, natural disasters, conflict and the pandemic have modified access to services in some regions.