Effects of Piper nigrum L. Fruit Essential Oil Toxicity against Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)
1
Issued Date
2023-03-01
Resource Type
eISSN
22237747
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85149933359
Journal Title
Plants
Volume
12
Issue
5
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Plants Vol.12 No.5 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Weluwanarak T., Changbunjong T., Leesombun A., Boonmasawai S., Sungpradit S. Effects of Piper nigrum L. Fruit Essential Oil Toxicity against Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Plants Vol.12 No.5 (2023). doi:10.3390/plants12051043 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/81448
Title
Effects of Piper nigrum L. Fruit Essential Oil Toxicity against Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The efficacy of Piper nigrum L. fruit essential oil (EO) against Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly), a blood-feeding fly distributed worldwide, was investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of EO based on contact and fumigant toxicity tests. Chemical analysis of the EO using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed that sabinene (24.41%), limonene (23.80%), β-caryophyllene (18.52%), and α-pinene (10.59%) were the major components. The results demonstrated that fly mortality increased with increasing EO concentration and time during the first 24 h of exposure. The median lethal dose was 78.37 µg/fly for contact toxicity, while the 90% lethal dose was 556.28 µg/fly. The median lethal concentration during fumigant toxicity testing was 13.72 mg/L air, and the 90% lethal concentration was 45.63 mg/L air. Our findings suggested that essential oil extracted from P. nigrum fruit could be a potential natural insecticidal agent for control of stable fly. To examine the insecticidal properties of P. nigrum fruit EO, further field trials and investigation into the efficacy of nano-formulations are required.