Phenotypic and functional changes of T cell subsets after CoronaVac vaccination
Issued Date
2022-11-15
Resource Type
ISSN
0264410X
eISSN
18732518
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85140781068
Pubmed ID
36283898
Journal Title
Vaccine
Volume
40
Issue
48
Start Page
6963
End Page
6970
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Vaccine Vol.40 No.48 (2022) , 6963-6970
Suggested Citation
Phoksawat W., Nithichanon A., Lerdsamran H., Wongratanacheewin S., Meesing A., Pipattanaboon C., Kanthawong S., Aromseree S., Yordpratum U., Laohaviroj M., Lulitanond V., Chareonsudjai S., Puthavathana P., Kamuthachad L., Kamsom C., Thapphan C., Salao K., Chonlapan A., Nawawishkarun P., Prasertsopon J., Overgaard H.J., Edwards S.W., Phanthanawiboon S. Phenotypic and functional changes of T cell subsets after CoronaVac vaccination. Vaccine Vol.40 No.48 (2022) , 6963-6970. 6970. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.017 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/83556
Title
Phenotypic and functional changes of T cell subsets after CoronaVac vaccination
Author(s)
Phoksawat W.
Nithichanon A.
Lerdsamran H.
Wongratanacheewin S.
Meesing A.
Pipattanaboon C.
Kanthawong S.
Aromseree S.
Yordpratum U.
Laohaviroj M.
Lulitanond V.
Chareonsudjai S.
Puthavathana P.
Kamuthachad L.
Kamsom C.
Thapphan C.
Salao K.
Chonlapan A.
Nawawishkarun P.
Prasertsopon J.
Overgaard H.J.
Edwards S.W.
Phanthanawiboon S.
Nithichanon A.
Lerdsamran H.
Wongratanacheewin S.
Meesing A.
Pipattanaboon C.
Kanthawong S.
Aromseree S.
Yordpratum U.
Laohaviroj M.
Lulitanond V.
Chareonsudjai S.
Puthavathana P.
Kamuthachad L.
Kamsom C.
Thapphan C.
Salao K.
Chonlapan A.
Nawawishkarun P.
Prasertsopon J.
Overgaard H.J.
Edwards S.W.
Phanthanawiboon S.
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background: The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major global public health concern and several protective vaccines, or preventive/therapeutic approaches have been developed. Sinovac-CoronaVac, an inactivated whole virus vaccine, can protect against severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization, but less is known whether it elicits long-term T cell responses and provides prolonged protection. Methods: This is a longitudinal surveillance study of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG levels, neutralizing antibody levels (NAb), T cell subsets and activation, and memory B cells of 335 participants who received two doses of CoronaVac. SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific IgG levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while NAb were measured against two strains of SARS-CoV-2, the Wuhan and Delta variants. Activated T cells and subsets were identified by flow cytometry. Memory B and T cells were evaluated by enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot (ELISpot). Findings: Two doses of CoronaVac elicited serum anti-RBD antibody response, elevated B cells with NAb capacity and CD4+ T cell-, but not CD8+ T cell-responses. Among the CD4+ T cells, CoronaVac activated mainly Th2 (CD4+ T) cells. Serum antibody levels significantly declined three months after the second dose. Interpretation: CoronaVac mainly activated B cells but T cells, especially Th1 cells, were poorly activated. Activated T cells were mainly Th2 biased, demonstrating development of effector B cells but not long-lasting memory plasma cells. Taken together, these results suggest that protection with CoronaVac is short-lived and that a third booster dose of vaccine may improve protection.