Extracellular vesicles: A comprehensive review of classification, isolation, characterization, and cargo loading
Issued Date
2025-05-01
Resource Type
ISSN
15131874
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105009992206
Journal Title
Scienceasia
Volume
51
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scienceasia Vol.51 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Metheetrairut C., Khowawisetsut L., Nonsuwan P., Punnakitikashem P., Pattanapanyasat K. Extracellular vesicles: A comprehensive review of classification, isolation, characterization, and cargo loading. Scienceasia Vol.51 (2025). doi:10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2025.s007 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/111234
Title
Extracellular vesicles: A comprehensive review of classification, isolation, characterization, and cargo loading
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron membrane-bound structures released from various cell types into extracellular space. EVs are divided by biogenesis into exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies; moreover, they can also be subtyped into natural, engineered and hybrid EVs. EVs play a vital role in cell-to-cell communication, allowing cells to exchange cargos including proteins, lipids and nucleic acid materials, therefore making them valuable tools as novel biomarkers of diseases, as therapeutic agents and as drug delivery messengers. In this review, we describe several methods for isolation and characterization of EVs. Furthermore, engineered EVs as target drug delivery systems as well as recent advances in hybrid EVs and the engineering of EVs with synthetic lipid nanoparticles will also be discussed.