Asian Low-Carbohydrate Diet with Increased Whole Egg Consumption Improves Metabolic Outcomes in Metabolic Syndrome: A 52-Week Intervention Study
Issued Date
2024-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
00223166
eISSN
15416100
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85205933083
Pubmed ID
39245182
Journal Title
Journal of Nutrition
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Nutrition (2024)
Suggested Citation
Pinsawas B., Surawit A., Mongkolsucharitkul P., Pongkunakorn T., Suta S., Manosan T., Ophakas S., Pumeiam S., Sranacharoenpong K., Mayurasakorn K. Asian Low-Carbohydrate Diet with Increased Whole Egg Consumption Improves Metabolic Outcomes in Metabolic Syndrome: A 52-Week Intervention Study. Journal of Nutrition (2024). doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.027 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101613
Title
Asian Low-Carbohydrate Diet with Increased Whole Egg Consumption Improves Metabolic Outcomes in Metabolic Syndrome: A 52-Week Intervention Study
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Abstract
Background: The low-carbohydrate-ketogenic diet, an effective strategy to address metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity has raised concerns about high-fat consumption on atherogenic lipoproteins. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the Asian ketogenic diet (AKD), which incorporates balanced protein and fat intake from Asian foods, with a balanced low-caloric diet (BLC) in individuals diagnosed with MetS. Methods: A 52-wk randomized clinical trial included 3 parallel groups: AKD with increased whole egg intake [egg yolk Asian ketogenic diet (Yolk-AKD, n = 28)], yolk-free ketogenic diet with egg white supplementation [egg white Asian ketogenic diet (White-AKD, n = 26)], and BLC (n = 22). Primary outcomes were anthropometric and metabolic changes. Results: The AKD groups achieved significant reductions in weight and waist circumference (P < 0.05). Compared with the BLC group, the AKD groups demonstrated significant improvements in insulin resistance at week 6 and in triglyceride concentrations at weeks 12 (Yolk-AKD) and 35 (White-AKD) (P < 0.05). The AKD groups experienced improvements in hormones associated with insulin sensitivity and appetite, whereas only the Yolk-AKD group had a significant decrease in inflammation-related hormones (P < 0.05). From weeks 35–52, the AKD maintained reductions in anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, improved glucose tolerance, enhanced lipid profiles, and better liver function compared with the BLC. Conclusions: The AKD proved safe and effective, yielding various metabolic improvements in individuals with MetS compared with the BLC. Emphasizing a low-saturated fat diet while disregarding dietary cholesterol, this approach holds promise for MetS and obesity management. The inclusion of both White-AKD and Yolk-AKD groups allowed for a comprehensive assessment of the AKD's impact, elucidating the differential effects of whole egg consumption on metabolic outcomes. Further studies are warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04608136.