Distinct systemic immune responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue virus infection
13
Issued Date
2025-12-17
Resource Type
eISSN
19466242
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105025172115
Pubmed ID
41406239
Journal Title
Science Translational Medicine
Volume
17
Issue
829
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Science Translational Medicine Vol.17 No.829 (2025) , eads5932
Suggested Citation
Sungnak W., Jiravejchakul N., Poonpanichakul T., Trakoolsoontorn C., Srikor S., Opasawatchai A., Arora J., Jevapatarakul D., Thungsatianpun N., Nguantad S., Chantaraamporn J., Pakchotanon P., Punyadee N., Duangchinda T., Avirutnan P., Mongkolsapaya J., Meyer K.B., Matangkasombut O., Charoensawan V., Teichmann S.A., Matangkasombut P. Distinct systemic immune responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue virus infection. Science Translational Medicine Vol.17 No.829 (2025) , eads5932. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.ads5932 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113680
Title
Distinct systemic immune responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue virus infection
Author(s)
Sungnak W.
Jiravejchakul N.
Poonpanichakul T.
Trakoolsoontorn C.
Srikor S.
Opasawatchai A.
Arora J.
Jevapatarakul D.
Thungsatianpun N.
Nguantad S.
Chantaraamporn J.
Pakchotanon P.
Punyadee N.
Duangchinda T.
Avirutnan P.
Mongkolsapaya J.
Meyer K.B.
Matangkasombut O.
Charoensawan V.
Teichmann S.A.
Matangkasombut P.
Jiravejchakul N.
Poonpanichakul T.
Trakoolsoontorn C.
Srikor S.
Opasawatchai A.
Arora J.
Jevapatarakul D.
Thungsatianpun N.
Nguantad S.
Chantaraamporn J.
Pakchotanon P.
Punyadee N.
Duangchinda T.
Avirutnan P.
Mongkolsapaya J.
Meyer K.B.
Matangkasombut O.
Charoensawan V.
Teichmann S.A.
Matangkasombut P.
Author's Affiliation
University of Oxford
University of Cambridge
Mahidol University
Chulalongkorn University
Nuffield Department of Medicine
Siriraj Hospital
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
Wellcome Trust
Suranaree University of Technology
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Department of Medicine
Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry
Laboratory of Biotechnology
University of Cambridge
Mahidol University
Chulalongkorn University
Nuffield Department of Medicine
Siriraj Hospital
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
Wellcome Trust
Suranaree University of Technology
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Department of Medicine
Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry
Laboratory of Biotechnology
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of human systemic immune responses to mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV) infection is vital for addressing challenges posed by viral heterologous serotypes and potential adverse memory immune responses. Asymptomatic DENV infection offers an opportunity to explore protective immunity because infected individuals effectively clear the virus without symptomatic manifestations. However, data on asymptomatic dengue are scarce because of limited sample availability during silent viremia. Here, we conducted single-cell RNA and immune receptor sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from donors with varying disease severities including asymptomatic dengue and performed longitudinal analysis in a symptomatic dengue cohort, enabling identification of distinct immune responses. In asymptomatic dengue, we observed potential indications of enhanced viral antigen processing via MHC-I, correlating with increased CD8 effector T cell activities, distinct NK cell profiles, and enriched IGHA1+ plasmablasts. In contrast, symptomatic dengue cases exhibited indications toward antibody-mediated viral entry, elevated type I interferon responses, and IL-10-associated expansion of IGHG1+ plasmablasts with biased V(D)J gene usage and a shared B cell receptor clonotype network. Our study reports a gene expression and immune receptor repertoire resource for systemic immune responses to DENV infection and suggests distinct mechanisms for potential protection and pathogenicity in individuals with asymptomatic compared with symptomatic dengue.