Nonallergic Diseases Associated With Foods
1
Issued Date
2023-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
22132198
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85180300440
Journal Title
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice (2023)
Suggested Citation
Patel P.K., Tanpowpong P., Sriaroon P., Lockey R.F. Nonallergic Diseases Associated With Foods. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice (2023). doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2023.09.027 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/95673
Title
Nonallergic Diseases Associated With Foods
Author(s)
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Clinicians are faced with evaluating real and alleged reactions to foods that may be allergic or nonallergic. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of various non–IgE-mediated diseases are discussed in this review. These food-related conditions range from mild to severe. Referral for an allergy workup may be pursued despite the lack of IgE-mediated symptoms. Diagnostic testing is available for defined non–IgE-mediated food diseases that are either immunologic or nonimmunologic. These include celiac disease and related disorders, carbohydrate maldigestion, pancreatic insufficiency, and histamine intolerance. In contrast, there is a paucity of definitive studies to prove food intolerance diseases. There are no definitive diagnostic criteria or testing for nonceliac gluten sensitivity. Functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, are better stratified diagnostically but still lack reliable testing. Both nonceliac gluten sensitivity and irritable bowel syndrome are linked to dietary triggers including fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols. Therefore, dietary alteration alone may be diagnostic and therapeutic when all other conditions are ruled out. These conditions are important considerations when evaluating a patient with history of a food reaction. There is little evidence that foods are causative in other ailments such as acne, migraines, and nasal congestion and hypersecretion.