Assessing side-to-side injury risk and reliability of the modified landing error scoring system (LESS–M) in youth basketball athletes
Issued Date
2026-07-01
Resource Type
ISSN
1466853X
eISSN
18731600
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105040642260
Journal Title
Physical Therapy in Sport
Volume
80
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Physical Therapy in Sport Vol.80 (2026)
Suggested Citation
Gao Y., Sinsurin K., Vachalathiti R., Areerak K., Sondang Irawan D. Assessing side-to-side injury risk and reliability of the modified landing error scoring system (LESS–M) in youth basketball athletes. Physical Therapy in Sport Vol.80 (2026). doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101937 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/117166
Title
Assessing side-to-side injury risk and reliability of the modified landing error scoring system (LESS–M) in youth basketball athletes
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Abstract
Objective: To explore the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in basketball players, with a specific focus on comparing dominant (DL) and non-dominant limbs (NDL) assessed with the LESS–M and tested the LESS–M reliability. Design: Observational study. Setting: Field-based testing. Participants: Thirty-six youth basketball players (31 males, 5 females; average BMI 21.35 ± 1.98 kg/m2). Main outcome measures: LESS–M total scores of DL and NDL, and intraclass correlation coefficient ICC<inf>(2,1)</inf> and ICC<inf>(2,k)</inf> reliability. Results: The LESS–M total scores were no statistically significant side-to-side difference (p = 0.327) between DL (4.11 ± 1.16) and NDL (4.28 ± 1.36). The LESS–M demonstrated good intra- and inter-rater reliability, with ICC<inf>(2,1)</inf> = 0.789 and ICC<inf>(2,k)</inf> = 0.803, respectively. Conclusion: The risk of non-contact ACL injury assessed using the LESS–M was similar between the DL and NDL in basketball players. The LESS–M demonstrated good reliability and may be a practical screening tool for movement assessment in basketball athletes. Future prospective studies are needed to establish cut-off values and explore its application in injured populations.