Towards device stability of perovskite solar cells through low-cost alkyl-terminated SFX-based hole transporting materials and carbon electrodes
Issued Date
2024-12-01
Resource Type
eISSN
20452322
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85206502558
Pubmed ID
39406790
Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
14
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scientific Reports Vol.14 No.1 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Manit J., Kanjanaboos P., Naweephattana P., Naikaew A., Srathongsian L., Seriwattanachai C., Supruangnet R., Nakajima H., Eiamprasert U., Kiatisevi S. Towards device stability of perovskite solar cells through low-cost alkyl-terminated SFX-based hole transporting materials and carbon electrodes. Scientific Reports Vol.14 No.1 (2024). doi:10.1038/s41598-024-74735-4 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101730
Title
Towards device stability of perovskite solar cells through low-cost alkyl-terminated SFX-based hole transporting materials and carbon electrodes
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Developing cost-effective, high-efficiency, and stable hole transporting materials (HTMs) is crucial for replacing traditional spiro-OMeTAD in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and achieving sustainable solar energy solutions. This work presents two novel air-stable HTMs based on a spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX) core functionalized with N-methylcarbazole (XC2-M) and N-hexylcarbazole (XC2-H) rings. These HTMs were synthesized via a straightforward, three-step process with good overall yields (∼40%) and low production costs. To further reduce device cost, carbon back electrodes were employed. The resulting PSCs, with a structure of FTO/SnO2/Cs0.05FA0.73MA0.22Pb(I0.77Br0.23)3/HTM/C achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 13.5% (XC2-M) and 10.2% (XC2-H), comparable to the reference spiro-OMeTAD device (12.2%). The choice of alkyl chain on the HTM significantly impacts film morphology and device stability. The XC2-H device exhibited exceptional long-term stability, retaining approximately 90% of its initial PCE after 720 h of storage in 30–40% humidity air without encapsulation. This surpasses the performance of both the spiro-OMeTAD (55% retention) and XC2-M (68% retention) devices. The superior stability of XC2-H is attributed to its highly hydrophobic nature and the formation of a compact, smooth film due to interdigitation of the hexyl chains. The straightforward synthesis of XC2-H from commercially available materials offers a promising approach for large-scale PSC production.