The Utility of CSF Biomarkers in Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thai Cohort Study
Issued Date
2025-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
16645464
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105027753782
Journal Title
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra
Volume
15
Issue
1
Start Page
162
End Page
173
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra Vol.15 No.1 (2025) , 162-173
Suggested Citation
Nanthasi W., Rattanabannakit C., Wongkom N., Dujada P., Raksthaput A., Chaichanettee S., Phoyoo P., Wachirutmanggur L., An S.S.A., Senanarong V. The Utility of CSF Biomarkers in Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thai Cohort Study. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra Vol.15 No.1 (2025) , 162-173. 173. doi:10.1159/000548539 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/114066
Title
The Utility of CSF Biomarkers in Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thai Cohort Study
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Corresponding Author(s)
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Abstract
Abstract – Introduction: Cutoff values for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers vary by analytic technique and population, which complicates the differentiation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from non-AD dementias. We aimed to establish local cerebrospinal fluid biomarker cutoffs within a Thai cohort. Materials and Methods: We recruited 68 patients with various forms of dementia from the Memory Clinic at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. Each patient underwent clinical subtyping for dementia, and their cerebrospinal fluid levels of Aβ42, p-tau181, and t-tau were quantified using the Fujirebio INNOTEST ELISA. We then employed a data-driven approach, specifically a Z-score-based Gaussian Mixture Model, to define intersection cutoffs for Aβ42, p-tau181, t-tau, and the p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio. These established biomarker cutoffs were subsequently incorporated with clinical manifestations to refine the clinicobiological diagnoses. Results: Our study included 67 patients (mean age 65.5 ± 7.4 years, 61.2% female). Using a data-driven approach, we established the following CSF biomarker cutoffs for identifying AD in this Thai cohort: Aβ42 at 492.67 pg/mL, p-tau181 at 44.00 pg/mL, t-tau at 545.97 pg/mL, and the p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio at 0.057. After incorporating these CSF biomarker results with clinical profiles, the diagnoses changed in 17.9% of the patients. Conclusions: In this study, CSF cutoffs for differentiating AD from non-AD dementia were established through a data-driven approach, which has been demonstrated as a valid alternative methodology. The integration of clinical and biological profiles is paramount in achieving accurate dementia diagnoses.