Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibodies and Binding Antibodies to Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in COVID-19 Survivors
Issued Date
2022-10-01
Resource Type
ISSN
08828245
eISSN
15578976
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85140272397
Pubmed ID
36190505
Journal Title
Viral Immunology
Volume
35
Issue
8
Start Page
545
End Page
552
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Viral Immunology Vol.35 No.8 (2022) , 545-552
Suggested Citation
Phakaratsakul S., Manopwisedjaroen S., Boonarkart C., Kupatawintu P., Chaiwanichsiri D., Roytrakul T., Auewarakul P., Thitithanyanont A. Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibodies and Binding Antibodies to Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in COVID-19 Survivors. Viral Immunology Vol.35 No.8 (2022) , 545-552. 552. doi:10.1089/vim.2022.0059 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/83592
Title
Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibodies and Binding Antibodies to Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in COVID-19 Survivors
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Neutralizing antibody level is used to predict immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is a major target for virus-neutralizing antibody. A number of neutralizing epitopes were mapped on receptor binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD) of S1 subunit of the spike. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody usually decreases over time after recovery. Level of neutralizing antibody and binding antibody to several domains from COVID-19 recovered patients was observed longitudinally in this study. Sequentially collected serum samples from 35 patients demonstrated both similar and different trends of neutralizing antibodies versus binding antibodies to each domain. Twenty-three individuals showed similarly decreasing pattern of neutralizing titer, binding antibodies to RBD, NTD, fusion protein (S2), and nucleocapsid (NP). Interestingly, eight individuals had stably high neutralizing titer (≥320) for 3-12 months, whereas their binding antibodies to RBD, NTD, and NP rapidly decreased. Moreover, their binding antibodies to S2 were stable over time similar to the persistence of neutralizing antibody levels. The long-lasting antibody to S2 suggested an anamnestic response to cross-reactive epitopes from previous infections with other related coronaviruses. These data indicate a difference in kinetics and longevity of antibodies to various domains and epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. A better understanding in this difference may help improve vaccine design to induce long-lasting immunity to COVID-19.