Delivery of Avocado Seed Extract Using Novel Charge-Switchable Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Galactose Surface Modified to Target Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Issued Date
2024-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
11782013
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85206872197
Pubmed ID
39430309
Journal Title
International journal of nanomedicine
Volume
19
Start Page
10341
End Page
10365
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International journal of nanomedicine Vol.19 (2024) , 10341-10365
Suggested Citation
Basu A., Sae-Be A., Namporn T., Suriyaphan O., Sithisarn P., Leanpolchareanchai J., Plommaithong P., Chatsukit A., Sa-Ngiamsuntorn K., Naruphontjirakul P., Ruenraroengsak P. Delivery of Avocado Seed Extract Using Novel Charge-Switchable Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Galactose Surface Modified to Target Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma. International journal of nanomedicine Vol.19 (2024) , 10341-10365. 10365. doi:10.2147/IJN.S478574 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101768
Title
Delivery of Avocado Seed Extract Using Novel Charge-Switchable Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Galactose Surface Modified to Target Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Abstract
Background: Sorafenib-resistant (SR) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a current serious problem in liver cancer treatment. Numerous phytochemicals derived from plants exhibit anticancer activity but have never been tested against drug-resistant cells. Methods: Avocado seed extract (APE) isolated by maceration was analysed for its phytochemical composition and anticancer activity. Novel design charge-switchable pH-responsive nanocarriers of aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with conjugated galactose (GMSN) were synthesised for delivering APE and their physicochemical properties were characterized. The drug loading efficiency (%LE) and entrapment efficiency (%EE) were evaluated. Anticancer activity of APE loaded GMSN was measured against HCC (HepG2, Huh-7) and SR-HCC (SR-HepG2). Results: Anticancer activity of APE against non-resistant HepG2 (IC50 50.9 ± 0.83 μg mL-1), Huh-7 (IC50 42.41 ± 1.88 μg mL-1), and SR-HepG2 (IC50 62.58 ± 2.29 μg mL-1) cells was confirmed. The APE loaded GMSN had a diameter of 131.41 ± 14.41 nm with 41.08 ± 2.09%LE and 44.96 ± 2.26%EE. Galactose functionalization (55%) did not perturb the original mesoporous structure. The GMSN imparted positive surface charges, 10.3 ± 0.61mV at acidic medium pH 5.5 along with rapid release of APE 45% in 2 h. The GMSN boosted cellular uptake by HepG2 and SR-HepG2 cells, whereas the amine functionalized facilitated their endosomal escape. Their anticancer activity was demonstrated in non-resistant HCC and SR-HCC cells with IC50 values at 30.73 ± 3.14 (HepG2), 21.86 ± 0.83 (Huh-7), 35.64 ± 1.34 (SR-HepG2) μg mL-1, respectively, in comparison to the control and non-encapsulated APE. Conclusion: APE loaded GMSN is highly effective against both non-resistant HCC and SR-HCC and warrants further in vivo investigation.