Anticancer effects of pomegranate-derived peptide PG2 on CDK2 and miRNA-339-5p-mediated apoptosis via extracellular vesicles in acute leukemia
Issued Date
2024-11-09
Resource Type
eISSN
20452322
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85209474626
Pubmed ID
39521813
Journal Title
Scientific reports
Volume
14
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scientific reports Vol.14 No.1 (2024) , 27367
Suggested Citation
Charoensedtasin K., Norkaew C., Naksawat M., Kheansaard W., Roytrakul S., Tanyong D. Anticancer effects of pomegranate-derived peptide PG2 on CDK2 and miRNA-339-5p-mediated apoptosis via extracellular vesicles in acute leukemia. Scientific reports Vol.14 No.1 (2024) , 27367. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78082-2 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/102143
Title
Anticancer effects of pomegranate-derived peptide PG2 on CDK2 and miRNA-339-5p-mediated apoptosis via extracellular vesicles in acute leukemia
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Abstract
Acute leukemia has rapid onset and severe complications. Anticancer peptides from natural sources have demonstrated efficacy in eliminating various cancers through apoptosis signaling pathways. Additionally, extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs play pivotal roles in promoting tumorigenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of PG2, a pomegranate peptide that regulates extracellular vesicles, on the induction of acute leukemia cell apoptosis. NB4 and MOLT-4 leukemia cell lines were treated with PG2 alone or in combination with daunorubicin to assess cell viability using the MTT assay. Extracellular vesicles were extracted from PG2-treated NB4 and MOLT-4 cells. Bioinformatic tools were utilized to predict target proteins and microRNAs, following which mRNA and protein expression were determined by using RT‒qPCR and western blotting, respectively. PG2 significantly reduced the viability of NB4 and MOLT-4 cells. Furthermore, the combination of PG2 with daunorubicin had a synergistic effect on NB4 and MOLT-4 cells. Subsequent treatment with PG2 or PG2-treated extracellular vesicles decreased CDK2 expression while increasing microRNA-339-5p and caspase-3 expression in NB4 and MOLT-4 cells. Our findings revealed that the anticancer activity of PG2 through the CDK2/miR-339-5p/caspase-3 pathway is mediated by extracellular vesicles, ultimately inducing apoptosis. PG2 holds promise as a potential antileukemic drug.