Increased Pro-inflammatory Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults Living with Perinatal HIV in Thailand
Issued Date
2025-12-01
Resource Type
ISSN
20487193
eISSN
20487207
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105025523469
Pubmed ID
41432991
Journal Title
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
Volume
14
Issue
12
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Vol.14 No.12 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Aurpibul L., Chokephaibulkit K., Songtaweesin W.N., Ounchanum P., Kosalaraksa P., Sudjaritruk T., Rungmaitree S., Kawichai S., Lumbiganon P., Suwanlerk T., Puthanakit T. Increased Pro-inflammatory Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults Living with Perinatal HIV in Thailand. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Vol.14 No.12 (2025). doi:10.1093/jpids/piaf053 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113738
Title
Increased Pro-inflammatory Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults Living with Perinatal HIV in Thailand
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background We assessed levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers as possible surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Thai young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection (YA-PHIV). Methods Serum samples and baseline data from YA-PHIV enrolled in a prospective cohort study from November 2020 to July 2021 at five tertiary care hospitals in Thailand were analyzed. We measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), soluble CD163 (sCD163), and interleukin (IL)-18 levels. Data were analyzed using nonparametric methods. Results Among 347 YA-PHIV, 54% were female, the mean age was 21.7 ± 2.0 years, the median duration of antiretroviral treatment was 16.7 years (IQR 13.4-18.4), and 72 (21%) had virologic failure (HIV viral load >1000 copies/mL). The hs-CRP levels were <1.0 mg/L (low CVD risk) in 170 (49%), between 1.0-<3.0 (indicating intermediate CVD risk) in 88 (25%), and ≥3 mg/L (indicating high CVD risk) in 89 (26%). The median IL-18 level was 82.2 pg/mL (IQR 33.9-151.7), and sCD163 was 53.6 ng/mL (IQR 31.1-90.1). YA-PHIV with virologic failure had a significantly higher level for all three biomarker levels than those with virologic suppression. Increasing age was associated with hs-CRP >3 mg/L; males were more likely to have high levels of IL-18; no factors were associated with sCD163 level. Conclusions Increased pro-inflammatory biomarkers in YA-PHIV support the presence of ongoing inflammation, particularly in those with virologic failure. HIV care for YA-PHIV should focus on virologic control and modifiable metabolic risk factors. Active monitoring for cardiovascular manifestations in YA-PHIV risk is warranted as they age.