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Publication Open Access Laboratory prediction of the requirement for renal replacement in acute falciparum malaria.(2011-08-03) Hanson, Josh; Hasan, Md Mahtab Uddin; Royakkers, Annick A; Alam, Shamsul; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; ประกายแก้ว จรูญวรรธนะ; Maude, Richard J; Douthwaite, Sam T; Yunus, Emran Bin; Mantha, Murty L; Schultz, Marcus J; Faiz, M Abul; White, Nicholas J; Day, Nicholas P; Dondorp, Arjen M; Hanson, Josh; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit.later requirement for RRT. In particular, laboratory indices of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute kidney injury (AKI) that are used in other settings were examined. RESULTS: Data from 163 patients were available for analysis. WhetherPublication Open Access Central venous catheter use in severe malaria: time to reconsider the World Health Organization guidelines?(2011-11-14) Hanson, Josh; Lam, Sophia WK; Mohanty, Sanjib; Alam, Shamshul; Hasan, Md Mahtab Uddin; Lee, Sue J; Schultz, Marcus J; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; ประกายแก้ว จรูญวรรธนะ; Cohen, Sophie; Kabir, Ashraf; Mishra, Saroj; Day, Nicholas PJ; White, Nicholas J; Dondorp, Arjen M; Hanson, Josh; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.BACKGROUND: To optimize the fluid status of adult patients with severe malaria, World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend the insertion of a central venous catheter (CVC) and a target central venous pressure (CVP) of 0-5 cmH2O. However there are few data from clinical trials to support this recommendation. METHODS: Twenty-eight adult Indian and Bangladeshi patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe falciparum malaria were enrolled in the study. All patients had a CVC inserted and had regular CVP measurements recorded. The CVP measurements were compared with markers of disease severity, clinical endpoints and volumetric measures derived from transpulmonary thermodilution. RESULTS: There was no correlation between the admission CVP and patient outcome (p = 0.67) or disease severity (p = 0.33). There was no correlation between the baseline CVP and the concomitant extravascular lung water (p = 0.62), global end diastolic volume (p = 0.88) or cardiac index (p = 0.44). There was no correlation between the baseline CVP and the likelihood of a patient being fluid responsive (p = 0.37). On the occasions when the CVP was in the WHO target range patients were usually hypovolaemic and often had pulmonary oedema by volumetric measures. Seven of 28 patients suffered a complication of the CVC insertion, although none were fatal. CONCLUSION: The WHO recommendation for the routine insertion of a CVC, and the maintenance of a CVP of 0-5 cmH2O in adults with severe malaria, should be reconsidered.Publication Open Access Spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Myanmar: a cross-sectional survey of the K13 molecular marker.(2015-04) Tun, Kyaw M; Mallika Imwong; มัลลิกา อิ่มวงศ์; Lwin, Khin M; Win, Aye A; Hlaing, Tin M; Hlaing, Thaung; Lin, Khin; Kyaw, Myat P; Plewes, Katherine; Faiz, M Abul; Dhorda, Mehul; Cheah, Phaik Yeong; Sasithon Pukrittayakamee; ศศิธร ผู้กฤตยาคามี; Ashley, Elizabeth A; Anderson, Tim J C; Nair, Shalini; McDew-White, Marina; Flegg, Jennifer A; Grist, Eric P M; Guerin, Philippe; Maude, Richard J; Smithuis, Frank; Dondorp, Arjen M; Day, Nicholas P J; Nosten, François; White, Nicholas J; Woodrow, Charles J; Mallika Imwong; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit., allowing introduction of molecular surveillance in remote areas through analysis of DNA. We aimed to assess the spread of artemisinin-resistant P falciparum in Myanmar by determining the relative prevalence of P falciparum parasites carrying K13Publication Open Access Assessment of therapeutic responses to gametocytocidal drugs in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.(2014-12-09) White, Nicholas J; Ashley, Elizabeth A; Recht, Judith; Delves, Michael J; Ruecker, Andrea; Smithuis, Frank M; Eziefula, Alice C; Bousema, Teun; Drakeley, Chris; Kesinee Chotivanich; เกศินี โชติวานิช; Mallika Imwong; มัลลิกา อิ่มวงศ์; Sasithon Pukrittayakamee; ศศิธร ผู้กฤตยาคามี; Jetsumon Prachumsri; เจตสุมน ประจำศรี; Chu, Cindy; Andolina, Chiara; Bancone, Germana; Hien, Tran T; Mayxay, Mayfong; Taylor, Walter RJ; Seidlein, Lorenz von; Price, Ric N; Barnes, Karen I; Djimdé, Abdoulaye; ter Kuile, Feiko; Gosling, Roly; Chen, Ingrid; Dhorda, Mehul J; Stepniewska, Kasia; Guérin, Philippe; Woodrow, Charles J; Dondorp, Arjen M; Day, Nicholas PJ; Nosten, Francois H; White, Nicholas J; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol Vivax Research Unit.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit.Indirect clinical measures assessing anti-malarial drug transmission-blocking activity in falciparum malaria include measurement of the duration of gametocytaemia, the rate of gametocyte clearance or the area under the gametocytaemia-time curve (AUC). These may provide useful comparative information, but they underestimate dose-response relationships for transmission-blocking activity. Following 8-aminoquinoline administration P. falciparum gametocytes are sterilized within hours, whereas clearance from blood takes days. Gametocytaemia AUC and clearance times are determined predominantly by the more numerous female gametocytes, which are generally less drug sensitive than the minority male gametocytes, whereas transmission-blocking activity and thus infectivity is determined by the more sensitive male forms. In choosing doses of transmission-blocking drugs there is no substitute yet for mosquito-feeding studies.