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Publication Open Access การพัฒนาโปรแกรมคำนวณเงินชดเชยค่าก่อสร้าง (ค่า K) ด้วยโปรแกรมประมวลผลแบบสเปรดชีท(2559) พร้อมพงศ์ ผุงเพิ่มตระกูล; สาธร เบญจชาด; Prompong Pungpremtrakul; Sathon Benjachard; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สำนักงานอธิการบดี. กองกายภาพและสิ่งแวดล้อมNow the constructions in Mahidol University are considered price adjustment contracts. The contracts calculate the escalation factor (K Value) manually or using computer programs. The researcher is responsible for verifying the calculation of K... values of construction projects of all institutes within Mahidol University, resulting in the difficulty and time-consuming of work. In addition, the available computer program no longer used for calculating since the cabinet resolution regarding the KPublication Open Access Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use(2017) Andrews, Denise; Chetty, Yumela; Cooper, Ben S.; Virk, Manjinder; Glass, Stephen K; Letters, Andrew; Kelly, Philip A.; Sudhanva, Malur; Jeyaratnam, Dakshika; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public HealthBackground: Laboratory-based respiratory pathogen (RP) results are often available too late to influence clinical decisions such as hospitalisation or antibiotic treatment due to time delay in transport of specimens and testing schedules. Ward-based i.e. point of care (POC) testing providing rapid results may alter the clinical management pathway. Methods: FilmArray® RP polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems were placed in three in-patient and out-patient medical areas. Patients presenting with influenza-like illness /upper respiratory tract infection +/− lower RTI were recruited between January–July 2015. FilmArray® POC testing occurred on even days of the month (intervention) or routine, laboratory-based RP PCR testing +/− atypical serology on odd days (control). The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. The secondary outcomes were impact on the use of antimicrobials, readmissions, all-cause mortality, length of ward stay and turn-around time (TAT) (time to result from admission). Results: Of 606 eligible patients, 545 (89.9%) were included; 211 in the control arm and 334 in the intervention arm. 20% of control arm patients and 24% of intervention arm patients had an RP detected. POC testing was not associated with the primary outcome measure, length of stay, but reduced the TAT from 39.5 h to 19.0 h, p < 0. 001. Only the prescribing decision differed between study arms, p < 0.001. When antivirals were given, the intervention was associated with a reduction in the median time to the first dose of 36 h and allowed appropriate treatment of mycoplasma infection.Conclusions: We found no association between respiratory PCR POC testing and length of stay or most of the secondary outcomes except the antimicrobial prescribing decision. This was probably due to a delay in initiating FilmArray® testing. Despite this, POC testing allowed time-critical antivirals to be given significantly faster, appropriate mycoplasma treatment and results were available considerably faster than routine, laboratory-based testing. Ward-staff of all grades performed POC testing without difficulty suggesting potential use across many divergent healthcare settings. Further studies evaluating the implementation of rapid respiratory PCR POC testing and the effect on length of stay and antimicrobial use are required. Trial registration: ISRCTN10470967, Retrospectively Registered, 30/6/2015.Publication Open Access A novel hybridized metaheuristic technique inenhancing the diagnosis of cross-sectional dentdamaged offshore platform members(2019) Wonsiri Punurai; M.S. Azad; Nantiwat Pholdee; Sujin Bureerat; Chana Sinsabvarodom; Mahidol University. Faculty of Engineering. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Khon Kaen University. Faculty of Engineering. Sustainable and Infrastructure Research and Development Center; Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Faculty of Engineering. Department of Marine TechnologyOffshore jacket platforms are widely used for oil and gas extraction as well as transportation in shallow to moderate water depth. Tubular cross-sectional elements are used to construct offshore platforms. Tubular cross-sections impart higher resistance against hydrodynamic forces and have high torsional rigidity. During operation, the members can be partially or fully damaged due to lateral impacts. The lateral impacts can be due to ship collisions or through the impact of falling objects. The impact forces can weaken some members that influence the overall performance of the platform. This demonstrates an urgent need to develop a framework that can accurately forecast dent depth as well as dent angle of the affected members. This study investigates the use of an adaptive metaheuristics algorithm to provide automatic detection of denting damage in an offshore structure. The damage information includes dent depth and the dent angle. A model is developed in combination with the percentage of the dent depth of the damaged member and is used to assess the performance of the method. It demonstrates that small changes in stiffness of individual damaged bracing members are detectable from measurements of global structural motionPublication Open Access Serotype-specific differences in the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever: an analysis of data collected in Bangkok, Thailand from 1994 to 2006.(2010-03) Fried, Jessica R.; Gibbons, Robert V.; Siripen Kalayanarooj; Thomas, Stephen J.; Anon Srikiatkhachorn,; Yoon, In-Kyu; Jarman, Richard G.; Green, Sharone; Rothman, Alan L.; Cummings, Derek A. T.; Fried, Jessica R.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU)., ascites, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration) were associated with serotype. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated. There were 162 (36%) cases with DENV-1, 102 (23%) with DENV-2, 123 (27%) with DENV-3, and 64 (14%) with DENV-4.... In addition, we found non-significant trends with other grades of DHF. Restricting the analysis to secondary disease we found DENV-2 and -3 to be twice as likely to result in DHF as DEN-4. Differences in severity by study year may suggest that other factorsPublication Open Access A double-blinded randomized controlled trial of silymarin for the prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury(2015) Chote Luangchosiri; Ammarin Thakkinstian; Sermsiri Chitphuk; Wasana Stitchantrakul; Supanna Petraksa; Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital. Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBackground: Hepatitis is a common adverse effect of antituberculosis drugs. Silymarin prevented drug-induced hepatoxicity in animals with anti-oxidative mechanisms but its effect in human has been unknown. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of silymarin for preventing antituberculosis-drug induced liver injury (antiTB-DILI) in patients with tuberculosis. Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed. Tuberculosis patients were randomly allocated to receive placebo or silymarin. The outcomes of interests were antiTB-DILI and the maximum liver enzymes at week 4. Antioxidative enzymes (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione and malondialdehyde assays) were assessed. The risks of antiTB-DILI between the two groups were compared. A number need to treat was estimated. Results: A total of 55 out of 70 expected numbers of patients were enrolled. There were 1/27 (3.7 %) and 9/28 (32.1 %) patients who developed antiTB-DILI in the silymarin and the placebo groups. Risk reduction was 0.28 (0.10, 0.47), i.e., receiving silymarin was 28 % at lower risk for antiTB-DILI than placebo. This led to prevention of 28 patients from being antiTB-DILI among 100 treated patients. Median (IQR) of ALT levels at week 4 in the placebo and the silymarin group were 35.0 (15, 415) IU/L and 31.5 (20, 184) IU/L (p = 0.455). The decline of SOD level at week 4 in the silymarin group was less than the placebo group (p < 0.027). Conclusions: Silymarin reduced the incidence of antiTB-DILI. The benefit of silymarin may be explained from superoxide dismutase restoration. Larger clinical trials are required to confirm the result of our small study [Clinicaltrials.Gov Identifier Nct01800487].Publication Open Access COVID-19 Vaccines Help with Herd Immunity(2022) Usa Lek-Uthai; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Parasitology and EntomologyPublication Open Access Rapid clinical assessment to facilitate the triage of adults with falciparum malaria, a retrospective analysis.(2014-01-29) Hanson, Josh; Lee, Sue J.; Mohanty, Sanjib; Faiz, M. Abul; Anstey, Nicholas M.; Price, Ric N.; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; ประกายแก้ว จรูญวรรธนะ; Yunus, Emran Bin; Mishra, Saroj K.; Tjitra, Emiliana; Ridwanur Rahman; Francois Nosten; Htut, Ye; Maude, Richard J.; Chau, Tran Thi Hong; Phu, Nguyen Hoan; Hien, Tran Tinh; White, Nicholas J.; Day, Nicholas P. J.; Dondorp, Arjen M.; Hanson, Josh; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.BACKGROUND: Most adults dying from falciparum malaria will die within 48 hours of their hospitalisation. An essential component of early supportive care is the rapid identification of patients at greatest risk. In resource-poor settings, where most patients with falciparum malaria are managed, decisions regarding patient care must frequently be made using clinical evaluation alone. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 4 studies of 1801 adults with severe falciparum malaria to determine whether the presence of simple clinical findings might assist patient triage. RESULTS: If present on admission, shock, oligo-anuria, hypo- or hyperglycaemia, an increased respiratory rate, a decreased Glasgow Coma Score and an absence of fever were independently predictive of death. The variables were used to construct a simple clinical algorithm. When applied to the 1801 patients, this algorithm's positive predictive value for survival to 48 hours was 99.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 97.8-99.9) and for survival to discharge 96.9% (95% CI 94.3-98.5). In the 712 patients receiving artesunate, the algorithm's positive predictive value for survival to 48 hours was 100% (95% CI 97.3-100) and to discharge was 98.5% (95% CI 94.8-99.8). CONCLUSIONS: Simple clinical findings are closely linked to the pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria in adults. A basic algorithm employing these indices can facilitate the triage of patients in settings where intensive care services are limited. Patients classified as low-risk by this algorithm can be safely managed initially on a general ward whilst awaiting senior clinical review and laboratory data.Publication Open Access The development of community care model of sub-district health promoting hospitals for older persons(2014) Somjin Peachpansri; Somchai Viripiromgool; Vilaivan Thongcharoen; Chantana Ronnarithivichai; Theepapha Jamkrajang; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Development. Every sector must set six strategies and ten factors of success to support SHPH operations in order to provide holistic care for every older persons. The importance of care, family members and communities must be willing to volunteer and participatePublication Open Access Hypertension preventive behavior among pre-hypertensive adults in Phutthamonthon district, Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand(2015) Robinson Mariyasoosai; Jiraporn Chompikul; Boonyong Keiwkarnka; Somsak Wongsawass; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentThe objectives of this research were to describe the hypertension preventive behavior and related risk factors among pre-hypertensive adults aged 35 years or older in Phutthamonthon district, Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. Stratified sampling... and dependent variables. Preventive behavior was regarded as the dependent variable and other factors such as socio-demographic factors, physical factors, psycho-social factors and cues to action as independent variables. The results showed that only 22Publication Open Access Genetic loci associated with delayed clearance of Plasmodium falciparum following artemisinin treatment in Southeast Asia.(2013-01-02) Takala-Harrisona, Shannon; Clark, Taane G.; Cummings, Michael P.; Miotto,Olivo; Dondorp, Arjen M.; Fukudaf, Mark M.; Nosten, Francois; Noedl, Harald; Mallika Imwong; มัลลิกา อิ่มวงศ์; Bethell, Delia; Se, Youry; Lon, Chanthap; Tyner, Stuart D.; Saunders, David L.; Socheat, Duong; Ariey, Frederic; Phyo, Aung Pyae; Starzengruber, Peter; Fuehrer, Hans-Peter; Swoboda, Paul; Stepniewska, Kasia; Flegg, Jennifer; Arze, Cesar; Cerqueira, Gustavo C.; Silva, Joana C.; Ricklefs, Stacy M.; Porcella, Stephen F.; Stephens, Robert M.; Adams, Matthew; Kenefic, Leo J.; Campino, Susana; Auburn, Sarah; MacInnis, Bronwyn; Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.; Su, Xin-zhuan; White, Nicholas J.; Ringwald, Pascal; Plowe, Christopher V.; Plowe, Christopher V.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Research Unit.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit.The recent emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in western Cambodia could threaten prospects for malaria elimination. Identification of the genetic basis of resistance would provide tools for molecular surveillance, aiding efforts to contain resistance. Clinical trials of artesunate efficacy were conducted in Bangladesh, in northwestern Thailand near the Myanmar border, and at two sites in western Cambodia. Parasites collected from trial participants were genotyped at 8,079 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a P. falciparum-specific SNP array. Parasite genotypes were examined for signatures of recent positive selection and association with parasite clearance phenotypes to identify regions of the genome associated with artemisinin resistance. Four SNPs on chromosomes 10 (one), 13 (two), and 14 (one) were significantly associated with delayed parasite clearance. The two SNPs on chromosome 13 are in a region of the genome that appears to be under strong recent positive selection in Cambodia. The SNPs on chromosomes 10 and 13 lie in or near genes involved in postreplication repair, a DNA damage-tolerance pathway. Replication and validation studies are needed to refine the location of loci responsible for artemisinin resistance and to understand the mechanism behind it; however, two SNPs on chromosomes 10 and 13 may be useful markers of delayed parasite clearance in surveillance for artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia.