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Publication Metadata only Exposure to N-nitroso compounds in a population of high liver cancer regions in Thailand: Volatile nitrosamine (VNA) levels in Thai food(1999-04-01) E. J. Mitacek; K. D. Brunnemann; M. Suttajit; N. Martin; T. Limsila; H. Ohshima; L. S. Caplan; Stony Brook University; New York Institute of Technology; Institute For Cancer Prevention; Chiang Mai University; Mahidol University; International Agency for Research on Cancer; Centers for Disease Control and PreventionThe recent case-control studies in Thailand indicate that a high incidence of liver cancer in Thailand has not been associated with common risk factors such as hepatitis B infection, aflatoxin intake and alcohol consumption. While the infestation by the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) accounted for the high risk in north-east Thailand, there was no such exposure in the other regions of the country where the incidence of liver cancer is also high. Case-control studies suggest that exposure to exogenous and possibly endogenous nitrosamines in food or tobacco in betel nut and cigarettes may play a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while OV infestation and chemical interaction of nitrosamines may also be aetiological factors in the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Over 1800 samples of fresh and preserved food were systematically collected and tested between 1988 and 1996. All the food items identified by anthropological studies to be consumed frequently in four major regions of Thailand were analysed for volatile nitrosamines using gas chromatography combined with a thermal energy analyser. Relatively high levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) were detected in fermented fish ('Plasalid'). NDMA was also detected at levels ranging from trace amounts to 66.5 μg/kg in several salted and dried fish ('Larb-pla' and 'Pla-siu'). NDMA and NPYR were frequently detected in several vegetables, particularly fermented beans ('Tau-chiau') at levels ranging between 1 and 95.1 μg/kg and 0-146 μg/kg, respectively. The possible role of nitrosamines in Thai food in the aetiology of liver cancer (HCC, CCA) is discussed.Publication Metadata only Characterization of T-Cell Responses to SMX and SMX-NO in Co-Trimoxazole Hypersensitivity Patients Expressing HLA-B*13:01(2021-04-29) Jirawat Pratoomwun; Paul Thomson; Kanoot Jaruthamsophon; Rawiporn Tiyasirichokchai; Pimonpan Jinda; Ticha Rerkpattanapipat; Wichittra Tassaneeyakul; Nontaya Nakkam; Pawinee Rerknimitr; Jettanong Klaewsongkram; Yuttana Srinoulprasert; Munir Pirmohamed; Dean J. Naisbitt; Chonlaphat Sukasem; Ramathibodi Hospital; Siriraj Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; University of Liverpool; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Huachiew Chalermprakiet University; Prince of Songkla University; Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Universitysyndrome or drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. Two of the patients carried the HLA allele of interest, namely HLA-B*13:01. Sulfamethoxazole and nitroso sulfamethoxazole specific T cell clones were generated from T cell lines of co...-trimoxazole hypersensitive HLA-B*13:01-positive patients. Clones were characterized for antigen specificity and cross-reactivity with structurally related compounds by measuring proliferation and cytokine release. Surface marker expression was characterizedPublication Metadata only Direct mutagenicity of the polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon-containing fraction of smoked and charcoal-broiled foods treated with nitrite in acid solution(1997-02-01) K. Kangsadalampai; C. Butryee; K. Manoonphol; Mahidol Universityevaluated for their mutagenic potential using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 in the absence of metabolic activation after being treated with nitrite (500 mM) for 4 hr at 37°C and in acid solution pH 3.0-3.5. The presence of N-nitroso compounds... of PAHs with nitrite in acid solution produced some non-N-nitroso direct-acting mutagens, suggesting that they might belong to nitro-PAHs. Therefore, the consumption of charcoal-broiled and smoked foods simultaneously with nitrite is not recommended.Publication Metadata only Review of technical considerations for smoke curing processes of foods(1997-12-01) Jeffrey C. Nash; Mahidol Universityof carcinogens and nitroso-compounds, as well as preventing growth of pathogenic microorganisms is of great concern to ensure product safety. Production and application of liquid smoke flavors is discussed.Publication Metadata only Genistein enhances N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis(2006-10-08) Pisamai Kijkuokool; Ishwar S. Parhar; Suchinda Malaivijitnond; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University; Nippon Medical SchoolGenistein is of great interest for its implications as an anticancer compound. We compared the effects of daily subcutaneous injections of 1 mg/kg BW of genistein and vehicle (2% DMSO in peanut oil) for 20 weeks on N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMUPublication Open Access การทบทวนวรรณกรรมเรื่องผลของยาสูบไร้ควันต่อสุขภาพ(2557) วรนัติ วีระประดิษฐ์; สิริบังอร พิบูลนิยม; วรานันท์ บัวจีบ; กนกพร สุทธิสัณหกุล; วิกุล วิสาลเสสถ์; Woranut Weerapradist; Siribang-on Pibooniyom; Waranun Buajeeb; Kanokporn Suttisunhakul; Wikul Visalseth; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะทันตแพทยศาสตร์; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. ศูนย์วิจัยและจัดการความรู้เพื่อการควบคุมยาสูบ (ศจย.); กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. กรมอนามัย. กองทันตสาธารณสุขยาสูบไร้ควัน เป็นผลิตภัณฑ์ยาสูบที่ปราศจากการเผาไหม้ ซึ่งมีการใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลายทั่วโลกในต่างประเทศ จึงมีการศึกษาวิจัยเกี่ยวกับยาสูบไร้ควันอย่างกว้างขวาง สาหรับการศึกษาในครั้ง นี้มีจุดประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาองค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับยาสูบไร้ควันต่อสุขภาพ โดยรวบรวมจากตำราและวารสารวิชาการต่างประเทศระหว่างปี พ.ศ. 2519 ถึง พ.ศ. 2554 ได้จำแนกผลการศึกษาออกเป็น 4 ประเด็น ได้แก่ 1) สารเคมีที่เป็นส่วนประกอบในยาสูบไร้ควัน 2) ผลของยาสูบไร้ควันต่อสุขภาพ 3) ผลของยาสูบไร้ควันต่อสาธารณสุข และ 4) บทบาทของสาธารณสุขต่อยาสูบไร้ควัน ผลการศึกษา พบว่านิโคตินและสารก่อมะเร็งที่มีในยาสูบไร้ควันก่อให้เกิดโรคหลอดเลือดและหัวใจ รอยโรคในช่อง ปาก โรคเหงือกร่นและการสูญเสียการยึด แต่สาหรับโรคเหงือกอักเสบ โรคปริทันต์ โรคมะเร็งหลอด เอาหาร และมะเร็งตับอ่อน ยังมีหลักฐานที่ค่อนข้างจำกัดในการสนับสนุนถึงความสัมพันธ์ดังกล่าว จึงจำเป็นต้องมีการศึกษาเพิ่มเติมต่อไปPublication Open Access Nitric Oxide Protects against Infection-Induced Neuroinflammation by Preserving the Stability of the Blood-Brain Barrier(2016-02) Gabriela C. Olivera; Xiaoyuan Ren; Suman K. Vodnala; Jun Lu; Lucia Coppo; Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai; Arne Holmgren; Krister Kristensson; Martin E. Rottenberg; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medical Technology. Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied TechnologyNitric oxide (NO) generated by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is critical for defense against intracellular pathogens but may mediate inflammatory tissue damage. To elucidate the role of iNOS in neuroinflammation, infections with encephalitogenic Trypanosoma brucei parasites were compared in inos-/- and wild-type mice. Inos-/- mice showed enhanced brain invasion by parasites and T cells, and elevated protein permeability of cerebral vessels, but similar parasitemia levels. Trypanosome infection stimulated T cell- and TNF-mediated iNOS expression in perivascular macrophages. NO nitrosylated and inactivated pro-inflammatory molecules such as NF-κΒp65, and reduced TNF expression and signalling. iNOS-derived NO hampered both TNF- and T cell-mediated parasite brain invasion. In inos-/- mice, TNF stimulated MMP, including MMP9 activity that increased cerebral vessel permeability. Thus, iNOS-generated NO by perivascular macrophages, strategically located at sites of leukocyte brain penetration, can serve as a negative feed-back regulator that prevents unlimited influx of inflammatory cells by restoring the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.Publication Open Access The Association between Processed Meat Intake and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Thais: a Cross-Sectional Study from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand(2017) Thananya Ruengurairoek; Prin Vathesatogkit; Hathaichon Boonhat; Daruneewan Warodomwichit; Nisakorn Thongmuang; Dujrudee Matchariyakul; Piyamitr Sritara; Kulapong Jayanama; ธนัญญา เรืองอุไรฤกษ์; ปริญญ์ วาทีสาธกกิจ; หทัยชนน์ บุญหัตถ์; นิสากร ทองมั่ง; ดรุณีวัลย์ วโรดมวิจิตร; ดุจฤดี มัจฉริยกุล; ปิยะมิตร ศรีธรา; กุลพงษ์ ชัยนาม; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Department of Medicine; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Center; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Research Center; Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). Medical and Health Division; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Chakri Naruebodindra Medical InstituteBackground: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major health problem worldwide of which the complications are crushing burden. Previous studies reveal that consumption of processed meat is associated with higher incidence of T2D. However, the data outcomes are varied and the pathogenesis is still inconclusive. Objective: This study aims to assess the association between processed meat consumption and T2D, and to investigate the influence of health-related factors and processed meat consumption and T2D. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2,017 subjects from population-based cohort study: the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand study (EGAT) in 2013. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed by logistic regression to reveal the association between processed meat intake and T2D and to adjust the potential confounders. The interaction terms were tested among these factors and T2D. Results: The amount of processed meat consumption had a negative trend on T2D (P for trend = 0.03). The associations with T2D were also found in male (OR = 2.07; P < 0.001), high waist circumference (WC) (OR = 2.58; P < 0.001), undergraduated level (OR = 1.40; P = 0.01) and low serum non-HDL cholesterol (OR = 2.99; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The higher processed meat intake has trend to increase a prevalence of T2D in all groups of BMI, WC, education level, serum cholesterol levels, smoking status and alcohol intake. Further long-term cohort study is warranted to confirm this finding.