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Publication Open Access Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Alzheimer’s Disease with Blood Biomarkers(2024) Nutthida Kunsanprasit; Hathaikan Chootrakool; Saran Thanapluetiwong; Pichitpong Soontornpipit; Chukiat ViwatwongkasemBackground: One of the world's leading causes of death is Alzheimer's disease (AD). Diagnostic of the disease and determining the risk before it reaches a severe stage are essential to reduce the rate of a patient’s development into the dementia phase, as well as locating practical, economical, and effective diagnostic tools, including blood tests, are easier and still reasonably priced, compared to neuroimaging or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations. Method: The studies were systematically searched for and determined by pooled sensitivity and specificity which studies were about diagnosing AD using the single molecular array (SIMOA) method by detecting phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in the blood. In addition, Egger's test results for heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Result: After systematically review the studies from 2016 to 2023, seven studies have been included for the meta-analysis. The results show low level of heterogeneity (I2 = 28.99%) and no publication bias Egger's test in sensitivity and specificity (p-value = 0.244 and 0.084, respectively) in patients. Conclusion: The ability to identify p-tau in blood with SIMOA has been useful in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Currently, this procedure is utilized in conjunction with other diagnostic approaches for diagnosis.Publication Open Access Biomarkers for Refractory Lupus Nephritis: A Microarray Study of Kidney Tissue.(2015-06) Pornpen Tantivitayakul; พรเพ็ญ ตันติวิทยากุล; Thitima Benjachat; ธิติมา เบญจชาติ; Pumipat Tongyoo; ภูมิพัฒน์ ทองอยู่; Poorichaya Somparn; ภูริชญา สมภาร; Nattiya Hirankarn; ณัฏฐิยา หิรัญกาญจน์; Santitham Prom-On; สันติธรรม พรหมอ่อน; Prapaporn Pisitkun; ประภาพร พิสิษฐ์กุล; Asada Leelahavanichkul; อัษฎางศ์ ลีฬหวนิชกุล; Yingyos Avihingsanon; ยิ่งยศ อวิหิงสานนท์; Natavudh Townamchai; ณัฐวุฒิ โตวนำชัย; Yingyos Avihingsanon; ยิ่งยศ อวิหิงสานนท์; Mahidol University. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Oral Microbiology; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital. Department of MedicineThe prognosis of severe lupus nephritis (LN) is very different among individual patients. None of the current biomarkers can be used to predict the development of refractory LN. Because kidney histology is the gold standard for diagnosing LN... analysis. From hundreds of differential gene expressions in refractory LN, 12 candidates were selected for validation based on gene expression levels as well as relevant functions. The candidate biomarkers were members of the innate immune responsePublication Open Access PPBP and DEFA1/DEFA3 genes in hyperlipidaemia as feasible synergistic inflammatory biomarkers for coronary heart disease.(2017) Yaowapa Maneerat; Kriengchai Prasongsukarn; Surachet Benjathummarak; Wilanee Dechkhajorn; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Pathology; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Center of Excellence for Antibody Research; Pramongkutklao Hospital and College of MedicineBackground: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an important complication of atherosclerosis. Biomarkers, which associate with CHD development, are potential to predict CHD risk. To determine whether genes showing altered expression in hyperlipidaemia... (H) and coronary heart disease (CHD) patients compared with controls could be CHD risk biomarkers. Methods: Control, H, and CHD groups represented atherosclerosis to CHD development. Gene profiling was investigated in peripheral blood mononuclearPublication Open Access Performance of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin to distinguish viral from bacterial and malarial causes of fever in Southeast Asia(2015) Yoel Lubell; Blacksell, Stuart D.; Susanna Dunachie; Ampai Tanganuchitcharnchai; Thomas Althaus; Wanitda Watthanaworawit; Paris, Daniel H.; Mayfong Mayxay; Peto, Thomas J.; Dondorp, Arjen M.; White, Nicholas J.; Day, Nicholas P.J.; François Nosten; Newton, Paul N.; Paul Turner; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), there are no similar tests to guide the use of antibiotics in undifferentiated fevers. In this study we estimate the diagnostic accuracy of two well established biomarkers of bacterial infection, procalcitonin and Creactive protein (CRP) in discriminating between... and specificity in distinguishing bacterial infections and bacteraemias from viral infections were estimated using standard thresholds. Results: Serum concentrations of both biomarkers were significantly higher in bacterial infections and malaria than in viralPublication Open Access Increased alpha-defensin expression is associated with risk of coronary heart disease: a feasible predictive inflammatory biomarker of coronary heart disease in hyperlipidemia patients(2016) Yaowapa Maneerat; Kriengchai Prasongsukarn; Surachet Benjathummarak; Wilanee Dechkhajorn; Urai Chaisri; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical PathologyBackground: Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disorder of the heart vessels that develops over decades, coupling inflammatory mechanisms and elevated total cholesterol levels under the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Without effective intervention, atherosclerosis consequently causes coronary heart disease (CHD), which leads to increased risk of sudden death. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils play a pivotal role in inflammation and atherogenesis. Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) or alpha (α)-defensins are cysteine-rich cation polypeptides that are produced and released from activated polymorphonuclear neutrophil granules during septic inflammation and acute coronary vascular disorders. HNPs cause endothelial cell dysfunction during early atherogenesis. In this cross-sectional study, control, hyperlipidemia and CHD groups were representative as atherosclerosis development and CHD complications. We aimed to assess the correlation between α-defensin expression and the development of CHD, and whether it was a useful predictive indicator for CHD risk. Methods: First, DNA microarray analysis was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Thai control, hyperlipidemia and CHD male patients (n = 7). Gene expression profiling revealed eight up-regulated genes common between hyperlipidemia and CHD patients, but not controls. We sought to verify and compare α-defensin expression among the groups using: 1) real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) to determine α-defensin mRNA expression (n = 10), and 2) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine plasma HNP 1–3 levels (n = 17). Statistically significant differences and correlations between groups were determined by the Mann–Whitney U test or the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Rho-Spearman correlation, respectively. Results: We found that α-defensin mRNA expression increased (mean 2-fold change) in the hyperlipidemia (p = 0.043) and CHD patients (p = 0.05) compared with the controls. CHD development moderately correlated with α-defensin mRNA expression (r = 0.429, p = 0.023) and with plasma HNP 1–3 levels (r = 0.486, p = 0.000). Conclusions: Increased α-defensin expression is a potential inflammatory marker that may predict the risk of CHD development in Thai hyperlipidemia patients.Publication Open Access Nontraditional Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease(2020) Ittikorn Spanuchart; Arkom Nongnuch; Youg Liu; อิทธิกร สภานุชาต; อาคม นงนุช; หย่ง หลิว; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Department of Medicine; Chinese Academy of Sciences. Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciencebiomarkers for CVD in patients with CKD, including uremic toxins (p-cresol, indoxyl sulfate, and advanced glycated end products), and a novel indicator of arterial stiffness, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which is an independent prognostic predictorPublication Open Access Factors that predict recurrence later than 5 years after initial treatment in operable breast cancer(2016) Pattaraporn Wangchinda; Suthinee Ithimakin; Mahidol University. Department of Internal Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Division of Medical Oncologylate recurrence were analyzed in both the overall population and the luminal subgroup. Patterns of relapse, changes in biomarkers, and time to disease progression after first relapse were also recorded. Results: We included 300 women whose breast... %) and HER2− disease. Liver and brain were the most common early recurrence sites. Biomarkers did not significantly change by time of recurrence. Conclusions: ER+/PR+ and HER2− patients have higher risk of recurrence later than 5 years, especiallyPublication Open Access Correlation of biomarkers for parasite burden and immune activation with acute kidney injury in severe falciparum malaria(2014) Katherine Plewes; Royakkers, Annick A; Josh Hanson; Md Mahtab Uddin Hasan; Shamsul Alam; Aniruddha Ghose; Maude, Richard J; Stassen, Pauline M; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; Lee, Sue J; Turner, Gareth DH; Dondorp, Arjen M; Schultz, Marcus J; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research UnitBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) complicating severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria occurs in up to 40% of adult patients. The case fatality rate reaches 75% in the absence of renal replacement therapy (RRT). The precise pathophysiology of AKI in falciparum malaria remains unclear. Histopathology shows acute tubular necrosis with localization of host monocytes and parasitized red blood cells in the microvasculature. This study explored the relationship of plasma soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), as a proxy-measure of mononuclear cell activation, and plasma P. falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (PfHRP2), as a measure of sequestered parasite burden, with AKI in severe malaria. Methods: Admission plasma suPAR and PfHRP2 concentrations were assessed in Bangladeshi adults with severe falciparum malaria (n = 137). Patients were stratified according to AKI severity based on admission creatinine clearance. Results: A total of 106 (77%) patients had AKI; 32 (23%), 42 (31%) and 32 (23%) were classified into ‘mild, ‘moderate’ and ‘severe’ AKI groups, respectively. Plasma suPAR and PfHRP2 concentrations increased with AKI severity (test-fortrend P <0.0001) and correlated with other markers of renal dysfunction. Admission plasma suPAR and PfHRP2 concentrations were higher in patients who later required RRT (P <0.0001 and P = 0.0004, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, both increasing suPAR and PfHRP2 were independently associated with increasing urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentration, a marker of acute tubular necrosis (β = 16.54 (95% CI 6.36- 26.71) and β = 0.07 (0.02-0.11), respectively). Conclusions: Both sequestered parasite burden and immune activation contribute to the pathogenesis of AKI in severe falciparum malaria.Publication Open Access Whole blood angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels discriminate cerebral and severe (non-cerebral) malaria from uncomplicated malaria(2009-12-15) Conroy, Andrea L.; Lafferty, Erin I.; Lovegrove, Fiona E.; Srivicha Krudsood; ศรีวิชา ครุฑสูตร; Noppadon Tangpukdee; นพดล ตั้งภักดี; Liles, W. Conrad; Kain, Kevin C.; Kain, Kevin C.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine.the clinical utility of whole blood angiopoietin (ANG) levels as biomarkers of disease severity in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. METHODS: The utility of whole blood ANG levels was examined in Thai patients to distinguish cerebral (CM; n = 87) and severe....772, p < 0.001; ANG-1, 0.778, p < 0.001; Ratio, 0.820, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that whole blood ANG-1/2 levels are promising clinically informative biomarkers of disease severity in malarial syndromes.Publication Open Access Diagnostic accuracy of peripheral venous lactate and the 2009 WHO warning signs for identifying severe dengue in Thai adults: a prospective observational study(2016) Vipa Thanachartwet; Anan Wattanathum; Oer-areemitr, Nittha; Akanitt Jittmittraphap; Duangjai Sahassananda; Chalida Monpassorn; Manoon Surabotsophon; Varunee Desakorn; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine), the sensitivity and specificity were 65.0 % (95 % CI: 40.8–84.6 %) and 96.2 % (95 % CI: 90.5–99.0 %), respectively. A combined biomarker comprising clinical fluid accumulation and/or PVL of ≥2.5 mmol/L provided the maximum diagnostic accuracy for identifying... severe dengue, with a sensitivity of 90.0 % (95 % CI: 68.3–98.8 %) and a specificity of 87.6 % (95 % CI: 79.8–93.2 %). Conclusions: Clinical fluid accumulation and/or PVL may be used as a diagnostic biomarker of severe dengue among adults