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Publication Open Access Evaluation of CDC light traps for mosquito surveillance in a malaria endemic area on the Thai-Myanmar border(2015) Patchara Sriwichai; Stephan Karl; Yudthana Samung; Suchada Sumruayphol; Kirakorn Kiattibutr; Anon Payakkapol; Ivo Mueller; Guiyun Yan; Liwang Cui; Jetsumon Sattabongkot; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol Vivax Research Unitstudy was aimed at evaluating the performance of baited and unbaited CDC-LT for indoor and outdoor trapping of endemic mosquito species in northwestern Thailand. Methods: CDC-LT (n = 112) with and without dry ice baits were set both indoorsPublication Open Access Aloe ice cream and sherbet(2008) Vimol Srisukh; Walla Tungrugsasut; Nuntavan Bunyapraphatsara; Somchai Khuwattanasil; Somsak Wongpoomchai; วิมล ศรีศุข; วัลลา ตั้งรักษาสัตย์; นันทวัน บุณยะประภัศร; สมชัย คูวัฒนศิลป์; สมศักดิ์ วงศ์ภูมิชัย; Mahidol University. Faculty of Pharmacy. Department of Food Chemistry-point Hedonic Scale method. Pandan-flavored aloe ice cream obtained the score of 7.43 (“like moderately” to “like very much”). The average score was significantly higher than the other 3 formulae (P<0.01). Coconut-flavored, Orange-flavored aloe iceItem Open Access คู่มือปฏิบัติงาน เรื่อง การทำ Freeze Dry Rabbit Serum Complement HLA-ABC ด้วยเครื่อง Edwards Modulyo Freeze Dryer(2563) ยุบลรัตน์ ธนเขตไพศาล; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะแพทยศาสตร์ศิริราชพยาบาล. ภาควิชาเวชศาสตร์การธนาคารเลือดPublication Open Access Vegetables from the mangrove areas(2002-06) Nuntavan Bunyapraphatsara; Vimol Srisukh; Aranya Jutiviboonsuk; Prapinsara Sornlek; Wilaiwan Thongbainoi; Wongsatit Chuakul; Fong, Harry H.S.; Pezzuto, John M.; Kosmeder, Jerry; Mahidol University. Faculty of Pharmacy. Department of Pharmaceutical BotanySurvey of the mangrove areas in Nakorn Srithammarat and Trang provinces found 33 species of edible plants. We attempted to evaluate the nutritional and medical values of these plants. Due to the seasonal availability and unpleasant taste of the plants, only 20 samples of 19 plants were analyzed for their nutritional values: the water content, crude protein, crude fat, dietary fiber, ash, carbohydrate contents, along with the calcium content. Among these edible plants, Rhizophora mucronata Poir contained the highest dietary fiber and calcium contents; several other plants were rich in dietary fiber and calcium as well. The medical values of the plants were based on the antioxidant, lipid peroxidation and cancer chemoprevention. The pods of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Savigny showed strong quinone reductase inhibition. Further studies on isolation of active components are being carried out.Publication Open Access The Cities of Frankenstein: Graphic Scenarios of Looming Urban Horror(2020) Alan Marshall; Mahidol University. Faculty of Social Sciences and HumanitiesThe famous literary work Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley (1818), seems to forecast the potential future of urban life in the Modern Age which is replete with an ongoing environmental crisis. Using a theory of critique and forecast as established by the Literary Method of Urban Design, some of the core thematic lessons of Frankenstein are used as pathways to predict the character of European cities as they have developed and evolved under the stresses of ecological disaster over the near future (up to about twenty or thirty years hence). These core Frankenstein themes are as follows: 1) technological hubris, 2) alienation, 3) monstrosity, and 4) abandonment. In this paper, these themes are each overlaid with some of the many socio-environmental problems now challenging a set of fourteen sample cities (each drawn from the original Frankenstein novel) utilizing both scenario art and interpretive eco-ethical thought.Publication Open Access Proteomic analysis of Chikungunya virus infected microgial cells(2012-04) Bizunesh Abere; Nitwara Wikan; Sukathida Ubol; Prasert Auewarakul; Atchara Paemanee; Suthathip Kittisenachai; Sittiruk Roytrakul; Duncan R. Smith; Mahidol University. Institute of Molecular Biosciences. Molecular Pathology Laboratory; Mahidol University. Faculty of Science. Department of Microbiology; Mahidol University. Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Disease.Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a recently re-emerged public health problem in many countries bordering the Indian Ocean and elsewhere. Chikungunya fever is a relatively self limiting febrile disease, but the consequences of chikungunya fever can include a long lasting, debilitating arthralgia, and occasional neurological involvement has been reported. Macrophages have been implicated as an important cell target of CHIKV with regards to both their role as an immune mediator, as well evidence pointing to long term viral persistence in these cells. Microglial cells are the resident brain macrophages, and so this study sought to define the proteomic changes in a human microglial cell line (CHME-5) in response to CHIKV infection. GeLC-MS/MS analysis of CHIKV infected and mock infected cells identified some 1455 individual proteins, of which 90 proteins, belonging to diverse cellular pathways, were significantly down regulated at a significance level of p<0.01. Analysis of the protein profile in response to infection did not support a global inhibition of either normal or IRES-mediated translation, but was consistent with the targeting of specific cellular pathways including those regulating innate antiviral mechanisms.Publication Open Access Neuroprotection of HydroxynicotinylAmide 18 against Lipid Peroxidationand,Memory Impairment(2002) Opa Vajragupta; Orawan Monthakantirat; Preecha Boonchoong; Hiroshi Watanabe; Penchom Peungvicha; Mahidol Univesity. Faculty of Pharmacy. Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryHydroxynicotinyl amide 18, a novel radical-scavenging agent, was developed for neuroprotection. 18 showed substantial ex vivo inhibitory action against lipid peroxidation in mice brain regardless of low in vitro inhibition. These indicated that 18 effectively reached the brain, the target site. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) verified the scavenging ability of 18 by showing suppression of the HO? and O2?? radicals resulting in the decrease of signal areas of PBN/OH and DMPO/OOH, respectively. Neuropharmacology of 18 was investigated in mice in comparison with chroman amide 12P, a potent neuroprotective-radical scavenger. 18 at 100 mg/kg, i.p. was the promising compound as it showed significant suppression (18.16%) on the hypermotility induced by methamphetamine (MAP), but did not reduce locomotor activity in normal condition as 12P did. The suppression demonstrated the enhancement of brain delivery and the antagonism against aberrant dopamine release. In water maze test, 18 (100 mg/kg, i.p.) as well as 12P (200 mg/kg) and tacrine (3 mg/kg), significantly reduced the learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg), 18 was more potent than 12P. These results support the enhanced brain delivery of 18 as well as provide additional evidence for the role of radical scavenger in the modulation of brain neurotransmitters in the aberrant condition.Publication Open Access Detection of non-amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic DNA using piezoelectric DNA-based biosensors(2010) Thongchai Kaewphinit; Somchai Santiwatanakul; Chamras Promptmas; Kosum ChansiriPiezoelectric DNA-based biosensor technology was developed as a new method for detection of M. tuberculosis. This method consists of immobilizing a thiol-modified oligonucleotide probe on the gold electrode surface of a quartz crystal, using a selfassembled monolayer method. The advantage of this study is that a non-amplified genomic bacterial DNA target was used. Instead, the genomic DNA was digested by restriction enzyme to obtain DNA fragments containing the target sequence. The fabricated biosensor was evaluated through an examination of 200 samples. No cross hybridization were observed against M. avium complex and other microorganisms. This target DNA preparation, without PCR amplification, will reduce time, costs, and the tedious step of amplification.Publication Open Access Synthesis and evaluation of chromone derivatives as potentialHIV protease inhibitors(2000) Jiraporn Ungwitayatorn; จิรภรณ์ อังวิทยาธร; Chanpen Wiwat; จันทร์เพ็ญ วิวัฒน์; Weerasak Samee; วีระศักดิ์ สามีPublication Open Access Use of Agricultural Residues to Remove Iron from Groundwater in Modified Airlift Aerator(2019) Thanakrit Neamhom; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Environmental Health ScienceThis work investigated groundwater iron adsorption capacity from rice husk, rice straw, water hyacinth and coconut shell, agricultural residues commonly found in Thailand. This study also investigated the adsorption behavior using an appropriate isotherm model in the batch process. The process was conducted using a modified airlift tray aerator. The use of a single adsorbent plate in a modified aerator obtained a removal capacity in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 mg/L, but the final iron concentration in the sample was above the regulatory standard. To increase the efficiency using the equivalent condition, the multiple adsorbent plate system was tested. The application of four rice husk plates achieved the allowance value and resulted in a final iron concentrationof 0.28 mg/L. Based on the results, iron was reduced by increasing the number of adsorbent plates. Hence, rice husk can be sustainably used to adsorb iron in groundwater. At equilibrium, the adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Freundlich equation with an R2value of 0.9805. This implied that the adsorption sites on the rice husk surface are heterogeneous in nature and presented a strong interaction between iron and rice husk. They revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.73 mg/g. Moreover, this practice also decreased the amount of total hardness which could help alleviate nuisance and public health problems.