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Publication Open Access Efficacy of a church-based lifestyle intervention programme to control high normal blood pressure and/or high normal blood glucose in church members: a randomized controlled trial in Pretoria, South Africa(2014) Supa Pengpid; Peltzer, Karl; Skaal, Linda; Hendry Van der Heever; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Development. Elevated blood glucose and elevated blood pressure are prototype of preventable chronic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Lifestyle interventions have been shown to control high normal blood pressure and/or high normal blood glucose. Methods/Design...: This study proposes to evaluate the efficacy of a community (church)-based lifestyle intervention programme to control high normal blood pressure and/or high normal blood glucose in church members in a randomized controlled trial in Gauteng, South AfricaPublication Open Access Development of a prototype lateral flow immunoassay (LFI) for the rapid diagnosis of melioidosis.(2014-03-20) Houghton, Raymond L.; Reed, Dana E.; Hubbard, Mark A.; Dillon, Michael J.; Chen, Hongjing; Currie, Bart J.; Mayo, Mark; Sarovich, Derek S.; Theobald, Vanessa; Direk Limmathurotsakul; ดิเรก ลิ้มมธุรสกุล; Gumphol Wongsuvan; Narisara Chantratita; นริศรา จันทราทิตย์; Peacock, Sharon J.; Hoffmaster, Alex R; Duval, Brea; Brett, Paul J.; Burtnick, Mary N.; AuCoin, David P.; AuCoin, David P.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.serum and urine samples. The same mAb was used to produce a prototype Active Melioidosis Detect Lateral Flow Immunoassay (AMD LFI); the limit of detection of the LFI for CPS is comparable to the antigen-capture immunoassay (∼0.2 ng/mlPublication Open Access Impact of microcredit program on rural out-migration for employment: evidence from village revolving fund program in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand(2011-07) Sithon Khun; Aphichat Chamratrithirong; อภิชาติ จำรัสฤทธิรงค์; Chai Podhisita; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchSurveillance System (KDSS), this study aims to explore the impact of this microcredit scheme on rural out-migration for employment. A multilevel model is used to elicit this impact by controlling for characteristics of individual, household, and communityPublication Open Access A gender synthesis on NCD risk factors: evidence from KDSS(2008-07) Amitha Sumanaseekara; Kusol Soonthorndhada; กุศล สุนธรธาดา; Boonlert Leoprapai; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchThe objectives of the study were to identify risk factors for NCD according to socioeconomic conditions among male and female, and pattern of change during two periods. This study used data from year 2000 and 2004 from the Kanchanaburi Project. Data analysis both descriptive and analytical tools of logistic regression were used. Results revealed that smoking rate had increased among male adolescent from 19% to 23 % but not changed considerably in almost socioeconomic factors from 2000 to 2004. Smoking rate was very high among male and female who had low education, poor household and in upland stratum. Liquor consumption rate had increased particularly in male and female adult and in almost socioeconomic factors during these two years. Risky food habits were high among adolescents who were studying and in the poorest household. Overweight and obesity were high in adult female, urban/semi-urban stratum, rich household and housewives. Logistic regression analysis revealed odd ratio of two or more risk factors had highly significant among adult female with low education and in poor household of uplands strata. So introduction of area-based or target-based prevention program integrated for all risk factors would be worthwhile for future reduction of NCD burden.Publication Open Access Geographic information system for risk area assessment on natural gas pipeline construction in Nakhon Nayok Province(2010-04) Ponson Chernkwansri; Sura Pattanakiat; Charlie Navanugraha; Mahidol University. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resource StudiesThe objective of this study is to identify potential risk areas caused by the pipeline construction project in Nakhon Nayok province. The potential surface analysis was employed for the manipulation process using critical factors including soil drainage, clay minerals, soil texture, slope, relative humidity, air quality index, distances from bodies of water, roads, and the pipeline. The evaluation of weighting and rating scores has been proposed by experts using 2 main methods, including scaling and hierarchical methods. The risk areas have been divided into high, moderate and low levels. The outputs of these two methods are compared. It was found that the risk areas identified by the scaling method consist of high risk areas of 316.69 square kilometers (14.77%), moderate risk area of 1,523.05 square kilometers (71.04%), and low risk areas of 304.12 square kilometers (14.19%). Meanwhile, the risk areas evaluated by the hierarchical method consist of high risk areas of 219.47 square kilometers (10.24%), moderate risk areas of 1,839.05 square kilometers (85.78%), and low risk areas of 85.34 square kilometers (3.9%). The comparison of those two methods using the Kappa index has shown the value of 0.66. Thus, those two methods were only in the relation of 66 %. The assessment on land utilization within the high risk areas was analyzed based on the output of the scaling method with larger high risk areas. The land use patterns found in the high risk area include the following areas agriculture of 200.50 square kilometers (63.31%), urban of 74.71square kilometers (23.59%), forest of 5.35 square kilometers (1.69%), water bodies 20.71 square kilometers (6.54%), and others 15.42 square kilometers (4.87%). The purpose of this study was to apply the Geographic Information System for to identify potential risk areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) are a set of computer tools for collecting, storing, transforming and displaying spatial data from the real world.Publication Open Access Development of cereal and legume based food products for the elderly(2014) Pruet Satusap; Visith Chavasit; Wantanee Kriengsinyos; Kunchit Judprasong; Mahidol University. Faculty of NutritionDiets for elderly must contain nutritious foods, fit their physiological limitations, and match with their food culture. Cereals and legumes are suggested food choices regardless of their cultures and beliefs. Ready-to-eat products containing suitable macronutrient patterns from cereals and legumes were developed. Energy distributions from carbohydrate (60 kcal/100 kcal), protein (15 kcal/100 kcal), and fat (25 kcal/100 kcal), protein quality, and percent energy from saturated fatty acid and free sugar were criteria for the formulation. Carbohydrate sources were rice flour, brown rice flour, mung bean starch, which carbohydrate in rice flour was the most digestible on in vitro test. Protein and fat sources were soybean flour, black sesame seed, and rice bran oil. Three products, i.e., flake snack, instant beverage, and instant soup were produced by drying basic ingredients as flakes on a double-roller drum dryer and directly used or dry-mixed with other ingredients. The products (Aw <0.3) had balanced energy distribution, good quality protein, and energy from saturated fat < 8 kcal/100 kcal and free sugar < 10 kcal/100 kcal. Results from sensory central location test in 219 elderly subjects indicated that the flake snacks from both carbohydrate sources were significantly more acceptable than the other two products.Publication Open Access A robust model of natural hepatitis C infection using hepatocyte-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells as a long-term host(2016) Khanit Sa-ngiamsuntorn; Adisak Wongkajornsilp; Phetcharat Phanthong; Suparerk Borwornpinyo; Narisorn Kitiyanant; Wasun Chantratita; Suradej Hongeng; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of PharmacologyBackground: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) could induce chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in human. The use of primary human hepatocyte as a viral host is restrained with the scarcity of tissue supply. A culture model restricted to HCV genotype 2a (JFH-1) has been established using Huh7-derived hepatocyte. Other genotypes including the wild-type virus could not propagate in Huh7, Huh7.5 and Huh7.5.1 cells. Methods: Functional hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) were developed from normal human iPS cells as a host for HCV infection. Mature HLCs were identified for selective hepatocyte markers, CYP450s, HCV associated receptors and HCV essential host factors. HLCs were either transfected with JFH-1 HCV RNA or infected with HCV particles derived from patient serum. The enhancing effect of α-tocopherol and the inhibitory effects of INF-α, ribavirin and sofosbuvir to HCV infection were studied. The HCV viral load and HCV RNA were assayed for the infection efficiency. Results: The fully-developed HLCs expressed phase I, II, and III drug-metabolizing enzymes, HCV associated receptors (claudin-1, occludin, CD81, ApoE, ApoB, LDL-R) and HCV essential host factors (miR-122 and SEC14L2) comparable to the primary human hepatocyte. SEC14L2, an α-tocopherol transfer protein, was expressed in HLCs, but not in Huh7 cell, had been implicated in effective HCVser infection. The HLCs permitted not only the replication of HCV RNA, but also the production of HCV particles (HCVcc) released to the culture media. HLCs drove higher propagation of HCVcc derived from JFH-1 than did the classical host Huh7 cells. HLCs infected with either JFH-1 or wild-type HCV expressed HCV core antigen, NS5A, NS5B, NS3 and HCV negative-stand RNA. HLCs allowed entire HCV life cycle derived from either JFH-1, HCVcc or wild-type HCV (genotype 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b, 6f and 6n). Further increasing the HCVser infection in HLCs was achieved by incubating cell with α-tocopherol. The supernatant from infected HLCs could infect both naïve HLC and Huh7 cell. Treating infected HLC with INF-α and ribavirin decreased HCV RNA in both the cellular fraction and the culture medium. The HLCs reacted to HCVcc or wild-type HCV infection by upregulating TNF-α, IL-28B and IL-29. Conclusions: This robust cell culture model for serum-derived HCV using HLCs as host cells provides a remarkable system for investigating HCV life cycle, HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma development and the screening for new anti HCV drugs.