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Publication Open Access Evidence for early fertility transition among the Hmong in northern Thailand(1990-01) Chai Podhisita; ชาย โพธิสิตา; Kunstadter, Peter; Kunstadter, Sally L.; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchSurvey data indicate some evidence for an early stage of fertility transition among the Hmong, the second largest minority population in the hill areas of Northern Thailand. Despite their poor socioeconomic conditions and a low level of development... to be related to the increasing resource constraints resulting from sustained population growth over the past decades coupled with the enforcement of government regulations limiting the use of forest land for traditional swidden farming. These are combinedPublication Open Access Population pharmacokinetic properties of artemisinin in healthy male Vietnamese volunteers(2016) Sofia Birgersson; Pham Van Toi; Nguyen Thanh Truong; Nguyen Thi Dung; Michael Ashton; Tran Tinh Hien; Angela Abelö; Joel Tarning; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol‑Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unitwith uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infections. The aim of this study was to characterize the population pharmacokinetic properties of artemisinin in healthy male Vietnamese volunteers after two different dose sizes, formulations and in a combination... to 12 h after dose in each period. Artemisinin was quantified in plasma using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. A nonlinear mixed-effects modelling approach was utilized to evaluate the population pharmacokinetic propertiesPublication Open Access Changes in the epidemiological transition in Thailand due to HIV/AIDS: implications for population and health policies(2003-01) Patchara Rumakom; Pramote Prasartkul; ปราโมทย์ ประสาทกุล; Guest, Philip; Varachai Thongthai; วรชัย ทองไทย; Sureeporn Punpuing; สุรีย์พร พันพึ่ง; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันวิจัยประชากรและสังคมThis study aims to estimate the impact of the re-emergence of tuberculosis and pneumonia on Thai mortality and explores how it challenges the epidemiological transition theory. The 1970 to 2000 national, annual age-sex death rates by cause of death... were calculated using Ministry of Public Health death registration data. The results indicated that death rates from infectious diseases in Thailand declined until 1986(4.5 per 1,000 population),only to start rising in 1987. There was a sharp increasePublication Open Access The relevance of longitudinal research for population and health(2008-01) Bencha Yoddumnern-Attig; เบญจา ยอดดำเนิน-แอตติกจ์; Guest, Philip; Varachai Thongthai; วรชัย ทองไทย; Sureeporn Punpuing; สุรีย์พร พันพึ่ง; Chanya Sethaput; จรรยา เศรษฐบุตร; Aree Jampaklay; อารี จำปากลาย; Rossarin Gray; รศรินทร์ เกรย์; Yupin Vorasiriamorn; ยุพิน วรสิริอมร; Boonlert Leoprapai; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social Researchby globalization, population trends and epidemiological transitions force researchers to better understand and grasp the nature and processes of change associated with social and behavioral dynamics. This paper synthesizes the ways in which longitudinal research... has been a valuable tool for analyzing changing trends in population and health and the causal factors contributing to these changes, with special attention to its use in the Asia and Pacific Region. The discussion centers on three main aspectsPublication Open Access The place of fertility intentions: analysis of subsequent childbearing behavior among married Thai women(2008-01) Hongxia Zhang; Aphichat Chamratrithirong; อภิชาติ จำรัสฤทธิรงค์; Iqbal Shah; Aree Jampaklay; อารี จำปากลาย; Boonlert Leoprapai; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchThis study examines the relationship between fertility intentions and subsequent childbearing using event history analysis (EHA). All married women who were born during 1955 to 1985 were followed from July 2001 to August 2004. Their pregnancy histories were recorded on a monthly basis during this period using Laing’s Calendar. A total of 1,912 women were included in the event history analysis. The results suggest that fertility intention and socio-demographic characteristics can predict subsequent fertility behavior. Intention to have additional children shortens the time until the subsequent birth occurred. About one fourth of the women took approximately two years from intention to have a child. It is also indicated that subsequent childbearing is more likely to occur among the women who are younger, who married late, who have fewer living children, and who are non-Thai. The analysis indicates that it is challenging to facilitate fertility intentions and thus more effort is needed to do so.Publication Open Access Blood pressure in adult rural INDEPTH population in Asia(2009) Hoang, Van Minh; Kusol Soonthornthada; Ng, Nawi; Juvekar, Sanjay; Razzaque, Abdur; Ashraf, Ali Ashraf; Ahmed, Syed Masud; Tran, Huu Bich; Uraiwan KanungsukkasemIntroduction: High blood pressure (BP) is a well-known major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is a leading contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide. Reliable population-based BP data from low middle income countries... are sparse. Objective: This paper reports BP distributions among adults in nine rural populations in five Asian countries and examines the association between high BP and associated risk factors, including gender, age, education, and body mass index. MethodsPublication Open Access Population pharmacokinetics of Artemether and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda.(2012-08-22) Tarning, Joel; Kloprogge, Frank; Piola, Patrice; Dhorda, Mehul; Muwanga, Sulaiman; Turyakira, Eleanor; Nitra Nuengchamnong; นิทรา เนื่องจำนงค์; Nosten, François; Day, Nicholas P.J.; White, Nicholas J.; Guerin, Philippe J.; Lindegardh, Niklas; Tarning, Joel; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.the pharmacokinetic properties of many anti-malarial drugs. Reduced drug exposure increases the risk of treatment failure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetic properties of artemether and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin... lumefantrine twice daily for three days. Artemether and dihydroartemisinin plasma concentrations after the last dose administration were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass-spectroscopy. A simultaneous drug-metabolite populationPublication Open Access The impact of household and community risk factors on labor force aged mortality in Nang Rong, Thailand(2006-07) Warangkana Polprasert; Yothin Sawangdee; โยธิน แสวงดี; Guo, Guang; Buppha Sirirassamee; บุปผา ศิริรัศมี; Yawarat Porapakkham; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchPublication Open Access Toward an historical demography of Thailand(2012-01) Amornrat Bunnag; Rossarin Soothipong Gray; Peter Xenos; Chai Podhisita; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social Researchto social history. Then we turn to the social and economic history of Siam and review what is known from existing studies of Siam's historical population trends. We indicate why demography is central to historical social change in Southeast Asia generallyPublication Open Access Climate induces seasonality in pneumococcal transmission.(2015-06) Numminen, Elina; Chewapreecha, Claire; Turner, Claudia; Goldblatt, David; Nosten, Francois; Bentley, Stephen D.; Turner, Paul; Corander, Jukka; Numminen, Elina; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit.Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant human pathogen and a leading cause of infant mortality in developing countries. Considerable global variation in the pneumococcal carriage prevalence has been observed and the ecological factors contributing to it are not yet fully understood. We use data from a cohort of infants in Asia to study the effects of climatic conditions on both acquisition and clearance rates of the bacterium, finding significantly higher transmissibility during the cooler and drier months. Conversely, the length of a colonization period is unaffected by the season. Independent carriage data from studies conducted on the African and North American continents suggest similar effects of the climate on the prevalence of this bacterium, which further validates the obtained results. Further studies could be important to replicate the findings and explain the mechanistic role of cooler and dry air in the physiological response to nasopharyngeal acquisition of the pneumococcus.