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Publication Unknown Universities and Conflict: The Role of Higher Education in Peacebuilding and Resistance (บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ)(2564) พัทธ์ธีรา นาคอุไรรัตน์; Padtheera Narkurairattana; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Unknown In Search of a Solution(2020) Milena Latuputty; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesThis article discusses findings the of thesis research into potential challenges to the legitimacy of an independent human rights team among Papuan civil society in Indonesia. It aims to provide an answer to the question whether it is conceivable that a team of local civil society actors, appointed by the State to work independently on human rights cases, gains legitimacy among Papuan civil society. In the past, justice mechanisms to address human rights abuses in Papua have been without effect, and the current relationship between Indonesia and its Papuan community has been shaped by a history of political debate and continuous outbreaks of violence. This status quo could threaten the legitimacy of a State-appointed human rights team and compromise its stable existence. The research was based on a grounded theory approach, and identified and analysed the key indicators of legitimacy among a sample group of informed Papuan indigenous civilians. Qualitative field research was performed in May-June 2017, by conducting interviews among indigenous Papuan people and local civil society experts, substantiated with extensive documentary research.Publication Unknown Engendering Sedition: Ethel Rosenberg, Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul and the Courage of Refusal(2020) Coeli Barry; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesPublication Unknown The Dichotomy of Religion and Sexualities within ASEAN Member States(2020) Mark Peter Capaldi; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesDespite the ASEAN region being religiously diverse, those of differing sexualities have generally faced conservative interpretations of religious doctrines that cloak aspects of sexuality within a discourse of immorality and sin. Based upon an in-depth literature review of secondary data, this article focuses on the region’s principle religions (Islam, Buddhism and Christianity) and explores the generally polarising nature of their relationship with sexuality. By examining the constructions of sexuality within the region the paper illustrates how theology, legal frameworks and juridical corpuses have been used to justify the prohibition – and in some cases criminalization – of same-sex practices. Detailing how these structures, systems and patterns deprive LGBTQ persons from full enjoyment of their human rights it is shown how in many cases these may act as justification for various forms of discrimination, violence and abuse. The paper concludes by suggesting that theoretical frameworks for understanding such conflict can be researched and used to identify conflict resolution strategies that build upon religious values such as tolerance, compassion and nonviolence.Publication Unknown Violence in environmental conflicts: the need for a multidimensional approach. Sustainability Science(2561) บดินทร์ สายแสง; Bordin Saisaeng; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Open Access Peacebuilding in the Balkans: The View from the Ground Floor (Book Review)(2019) Yanuar Sumarlan; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesPublication Open Access เมื่อเด็ก ป. 4 ร่วมสรรค์สร้างสันติสุขโลก (บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ)(2559) รัฐวิศว์ เอื้อประชานนท์; Ratawit Ouaprachanon; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Open Access Marginalised Groups and Access to Education: A Case Study of Street Children in Mandalay, Myanmar(2021) Dawt Nei Iang; Suphatmet Yunyasit; Bencharat Sae Chua; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesStreet children in Myanmar have been a long-term concern and a complicated issue, especially in cities like Yangon and Mandalay. Some street children, who live on their own, survive on the streets without adequate shelter, supportive guardians or parental figures. Others work to support their family. They do not have access to health care, food, education or adequate assistance. Trafficking, exploitation and drug addiction are some of the serious risks street children face. Most street children are out not in school and some have never been to school. This article builds on a case study of street children in Mandalay, including interviews with children, parents, social workers, teachers and government officials. The article examines the difficulties faced by street children to access education and analyses the main issues at stake in relation to the international and domestic human rights framework on right to education and the specific situation of street children. Based on this combination of legal sources, literature, observations and interviews, the article makes several recommendations to ensure the protection of the right to education of street children in Myanmar. They all point in the direction of securing funds to support a flexible and multi-partnered approach to ensure street children’s right to access school and their right to education.Publication Open Access Implementing Free, Compulsory Primary Education (FCPE) in an Urban Setting in Myanmar: A Perspective on Challenges for and Strategies of State and Non-State Actors in Three Townships of Yangon Aye Mar Win(2021) Aye Mar Win; Suphatmet Yunyasit; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesFree, Compulsory Primary Education (FCPE) is a basic human right and if implemented properly, can enhance a country’s socio-economic development and stability. This study mainly focuses on the perspective of state and non-state actors on the implementation of FCPE in Myanmar, in three townships of Yangon. It also pays particular attention to the roles of a group of stakeholders, namely education officers at central, district and township levels, parents, parent-teacher associations, and the schools, seeking to know how they participate in fulfilment of this policy. Challenges for FCPE as perceived by these stakeholders are presented in the study. The research employs a qualitative research approach, targeting three schools in different townships in Yangon and selecting 17 state and non-state actors as interview subjects. The study finds that in the three townships the implementation of FCPE seems to run rather smoothly with effective collaboration between state and non-state actors. Schools, in particular, attempt to make sure access to primary education is possible for all children in the area. They cooperate with ward administrations for necessary documentation for children to be able to register at schools and with Parent-Teacher Associations (PTA) in creating a friendly atmosphere for students, including providing them with nutritious food. Teachers at schools are also asked to monitor and assist children from poor family backgrounds. Schools also seek to assist children that could not attend school during regular hours by arranging non-formal primary education (NFPE) for them.Publication Open Access Teaching Human Rights in Myanmar: Challenges faced by Primary School Teachers(2021) Nan Kham Mai; Duanghathai Buranajaroenkij; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesMyanmar is a country trying to build a democratic and peaceful society. In this regard, education is important to ensure that citizens understand human rights values and abide by law. In primary education, the initiative to compulsorily integrate Human Rights Education (HRE) is reflected in the National Education Policy, where the National Education Law (2014) and Basic Education Law (2019) are endorsed respectively. The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges of primary school teachers who are teaching a new curriculum which integrates HRE lessons into the existing school curricula in Myanmar. The study used qualitative research methods including reviewing textbooks, laws, international instruments and academic literature. In order to gain insights into the implementation of HRE in schools, semi-structured interviews were conducted with officers of the Myanmar National Human Rights Commission (MNHRC), primary school teachers and headmasters from Mandalay Region and Shan State. The findings reveal the challenges teachers face in teaching HRE lessons in their classes. Myanmar’s traditional social norms, which somewhat contradict to the universal values of human rights, have a significant influence on how teachers interpret the curriculum. Teachers’ limited knowledge of human rights concepts, together with inadequate teaching resources and language barriers, contribute to ineffective teaching of HRE in primary schools.Publication Open Access The Vulnerable Child’s Right to be Ethically Researched(2020) Mark Peter Capaldi; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesPublication Open Access ผู้หญิงกับสันติภาพ(2562) ฆอซาลี อาแว; Ghazalee Awae; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Open Access A Model of Engaging Teachers with the Prevention of Trafficking of Migrant Children: Case Study of Samut Sakhon, Thailand(2017) Naparat Kranrattanasuit; Yanuar Sumarlan; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesChild labor exploitation in Samut Sakhon has been a perennial problem in Thailand. Migrant children’s public schools and learning centers have offered alternative educational thresholds to keep them in school longer to reduce child labor exploitation. However, these children tend to drop out of school early to become full-time laborers because of their families’ financial needs. This research presents a school-based anti-trafficking prevention program created through participatory action research in which elementary school teachers teach migrant students about the potential of migrant child exploitation. Through producing an Anti-Human Trafficking Handbook, this research raises awareness and knowledge to prevent the untoward exploitation. Previously, no other context-specific anti-human trafficking handbook co-produced by teachers and researchers exists. This research emphasizes a model that enhances serious collaboration of the teachers, students, and the research team to create an Anti-Child Trafficking Handbook with lessons and activities suited for their specific needs. The main contribution of this article to educational knowledge is the revelation of challenges that such prevention programs applicable to foreigners’ children might face from the state (policy), university (educational programs), or even among the educators themselves, both Thai or non-Thai.Publication Open Access Gender-Based Violence Prevention in Schools in Myanmar: A Study from Taunggyi(2021) Soe Thiri Win; Duanghathai Buranajaroenkij; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesGender-Based Violence (GBV) in schools is a critical and pervasive issue in many countries, including Myanmar. There is persistent concern in preventing GBV and particularly in protecting women and girls. This article examines the understanding of GBV among primary school teachers and the extent of GBV prevention in schools. This research examines forms of GBV occurring in Basic Education High schools in Taunggyi and explores teachers’ responses to GBV in schools from a human rights perspective. For this study 19 educators and a GBV expert were interviewed using in-depth interviews as well as focus group discussions held in two schools. The findings suggest that in order to prevent GBV it is necessary to improve the awareness and knowledge of GBV in schools, not only to ensure students’ safety in school and the surrounding environment but also to equip students with awareness of GBV by integrating it into the school curriculum. It is necessary to improve responses to GBV at the primary school level in terms of policy, activity programmes and curriculum, since schools can play an important role in cultivating a culture of human rights and awareness to prevent GBV which could gradually become embedded in the community and society.Publication Open Access ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการเมืองเรื่องศาสนา อำนาจทางการเมือง และโครงสร้างโอกาสทางการเมือง: กรณีศึกษาคณะปฏิสังขรณ์การพระศาสนาในสมัยเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองของประเทศไทย(2560) วัลลภ กุมรา; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองจากระบอบสมบูรณาญาสิทธิราชย์ เป็นระบอบประชาธิปไตยในฝ่ายอาณาจักร มีผลกระทบต่อโครงสร้างโอกาส ทางการเมืองในฝ่ายศาสนจักรในลักษณะที่เอื้อให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงขั้วอำนาจ ของพระสงฆ์ฝ่ายมหานิกายจากสถานภาพที่เคยเสียเปรียบต่อพระสงฆ์ฝ่าย ธรรมยุติกนิกายจากระบอบอำนาจเก่ามาโดยตลอดให้เปลี่ยนเป็นสถานภาพที่ ได้เปรียบ และส่งผลให้เกิดขบวนการเคลื่อนไหวของกลุ่มพระสงฆฝ่ายมหานิกาย ในนาม “คณะปฏิสังขรณ์การพระศาสนา” ที่สามารถเคลื่อนไหวท้าทายและ เรียกร้องให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองในศาสนจักรได้สำเร็จอย่างที่ไม่เคย เกิดขึ้นมาก่อน จึงกล่าวได้ว่า โครงสร้างโอกาสทางการเมืองอันเนื่องมาจาก การเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองเป็นระบอบประชาธิปไตยเอื้อต่อการเคลื่อนไหว เรียกร้องของคณะปฏิสังขรณ์การพระศาสนาให้อยู่ในจังหวะเวลาที่เหมาะสมกับ สภาวการณ์ทางการเมืองให้ประสบผลสำเร็จได้ไม่ยากPublication Open Access บทเรียนสันติภาพข้ามทศวรรษในเนปาลผ่านมุมมองของจอห์น พอล เลเดอรัค (บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ)(2561) รัฐวิศว์ เอื้อประชานนท์; Ratawit Ouaprachanon; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Open Access The Challenge of Bias in Human Rights Field Work Navigating the politics of human rights knowledge production(2021) Michael George Hayes; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesPublication Open Access บทความปริทัศน์(2559) พัทธ์ธีรา นาคอุไรรัตน์; Padtheera Narkurairattana; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. สถาบันสิทธิมนุษยชนและสันติศึกษาPublication Open Access Obstructed Engangement with Past Acts of State Violence Among Urban Youth in Post-Conflict Cambodia(2016) Daniel Polomski; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesWhereas there is already a large body of research ontransitional justice mechanisms and their impacts on the Cambodian society, studies mainly focus on survivors and victims. The post-conflict generation remains largely underrepresented 7he mainobjective of this research paper is therefore to advance the under-standing of post -conflict generations' realities Zith regard to past acts of state violence. The paper aims to include voices of the Cam-Eodian youth into the academic discourse. Research findings center around four dimensions - the education system, an inter-generational conflict. the institutionali]ation of fear, and the uni Tue factor of Khmer versus Khmer violence during the Khmer Rouge era - that are considered to have an impact on hoZ CamEodian youth engages Zith (past) acts of state Yiolence Zill form the Easis of the discus-sion. It will be argued that in present day CamEodia the post-conflict generations have only little incentives to engage with the country's history of state violence, as those four dimensions obstruct an active engagement. As a consequence of such an obstructed engagement,a corrosion of the overall process of reconciliation is highly likely.The findings of the paper were established on the Easis of an inductive and qualitative, three-stage process of semi-structured interviews among (n=20) respondents. The convenience sample included Cambodian university students and young professionals between 18 and 26 years of age. who were based in Phnom Penhduring the research. The interviews were recorded and digital transcripts were analyzed based on grounded theory methods.Publication Open Access Trouble in Paradise: The Effects of Immigration on Small Island Communities in Thailand(2015) Elizabeth J. Kolbe; Mahidol University. Institute of Human Rights and Peace StudiesImmigration is a richly discussed topic in human rights, especially in Asia, however much of the focus is on the immigrants themselves and the conditions faced in the host country. Studies on the impacts of migration (internal and international) on local communities and labor markets yield mixed results. Some scholars (Foged and Peri, 2014; Hall, 2011; Cholewinski and Taran, 2010) remark on the enefits that host countries and counities receie fro irant laor in that it fills laor aret aps helps oost loal copetitieness for the country, and leads to upward mobility in employment for local workers. Others (Abdul-Rahman, et al., 2013; Pholiphirul, 2011; Orrenius and Zavodny, 2005) highlight the negative impacts of migration on the wages of local workers, the ability of local workers to find lucratie eployent as ell as the possile effects of the dependence of countries on migrant work. This paper will discuss the effects of immigration on small island communities in Thailand as related to the author’s master’s thesis. The unique context of small island communities allows for a closer look at the effects that immigration has on a work force due to the fact that other options for employment are not abundant. Unlike communities on the main land that may have access to other employment options, islanders must make the decision to migrate themselves if they wish to seek work in other sectors due to the limited industry on small islands. By analyzing the context of immigration on small island communities that have limited opportunities for upward mobility in employment, reduced access to other labor sectors, and a heavy dependency on tourism development, this paper explores if and how immigration affects the local labor forces and host communities of small island communities in Thailand.