Scopus 2018
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Publication Metadata only Use and associated spending for anesthesiologist-administered services in minor hand surgery(2018-04-01) Sirichai Kamnerdnakta; Helen E. Huetteman; Kevin C. Chung; University of Michigan Medical School; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Mahidol UniversityCopyright © 2017 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Background: Evidence is lacking to support the use of specialized anesthesia providers in minor surgical operations for patients without medical necessity. The authors sought to estimate the extent of potentially discretionary service use (anesthesiologist-administered anesthesia services among low-risk patients). Methods: The authors performed a retrospective claims analysis using the Truven MarketScan Database to estimate the prevalence and cost of anesthesiologist-administered anesthesia services provided to patients undergoing minor hand surgery (i.e., carpal tunnel release, trigger finger release, or de Quervain release) from 2010 to 2015. A predictive probability model was created to estimate patient risk status. The authors examined the relationship between patient risk status and anesthesia use using multivariable regression models. Results: Of 441,579 eligible procedures, 352,779 (80 percent) involved anesthesiologist-administered anesthesia services. The total proportion of estimated anesthesiologist-administered anesthesia use in low-risk patients who did not need anesthesiologist support declined over the study period (from 69.7 percent in 2010 to 65.8 percent in 2015). Although total payments for these services remained steady between 2010 and 2014, the average payment per procedure increased regardless of procedure type (from $376.8 in 2010 to $427.9 in 2015 for a carpal tunnel release operation). Approximately 83.7 percent of payments ($133 million) to anesthesia providers is credited to services in low-risk patients. Conclusions: Anesthesiologist-administered anesthesia services are commonly rendered to low-risk surgical patients. Existing health care reform efforts do not adequately address discretionary services that can be a targeted area for cost saving. It is important to consider the implications of potentially discretionary use of specialized anesthesia providers, particularly with the advancement of bundled payment models.Publication Metadata only Predictive model of quality of life among Thai pregnant teenagers(2018-01-01) Napaphen Jantacumma; Arpaporn Powwattana; Sunee Lagampan; Natkamol Chansatitporn; Mahidol UniversityPregnancy among teenagers is a major public health problem worldwide. Traditionally, they have been considered a risk group, individuals having both physical health and psychological problems, with fewer social connections, low learning and educational achievement, and a poor quality of life. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to test a predictive model of quality of life among pregnant teens. This predictive model of quality of life included 449 Thai pregnant teenagers who received pre-natal care in four provincial hospitals and four community hospitals in northeast Thailand. Data were collected using the Social Support Measure, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the Abuse Assessment Screen, the Center for epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Health Literacy Measure, and the Thai version of World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire. A structural equation model was used to analyze all factors' relationships in the model and how they affect to quality of life. Results indicated that the modified Model of Quality of Life among Thai Pregnant Teenagers fitted the data well and could explain 68% of variance of quality of life. In addition, social support, depression, and health literacy had a direct effect on quality of life. Meanwhile, social support had an indirect effect on quality of life, mediated through depression and health literacy of the pregnant teenager. Thus, nursing interventions should aim to reduce depression and to improve social support and health literacy for a better quality of life for these teenagers.Publication Metadata only Resistance of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations to Deltamethrin, Permethrin, and Temephos in Cambodia(2018-03-01) Sébastien Boyer; Sergio Lopes; Didot Prasetyo; John Hustedt; Ay Sao Sarady; Dyna Doum; Sony Yean; Borin Peng; Sam Bunleng; Rithea Leang; Didier Fontenille; Jeffrey Hii; Institut Pasteur du Cambodge; Mahidol University; National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM); U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit Two; Malaria Consortium© 2018, © 2018 APJPH. Dengue fever is a major public health concern, including 185,000 annual cases in Cambodia. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for dengue transmission and is targeted with insecticide treatments. This study characterized the insecticide resistance status of Ae aegypti from rural and urban locations. The susceptibility to temephos, permethrin, and deltamethrin of Ae aegypti was evaluated in accordance with World Health Organization instructions. All the field populations showed lower mortality rate to temephos compared with the sensitive strain with resistance ratio 50 (RR50) varying from 3.3 to 33.78 and RR90 from 4.2 to 47 compared with the sensitive strain, demonstrating a generalized resistance of larvae to the temephos in Cambodia. Ae aegypti adult populations were highly resistant to permethrin regardless of province or rural/urban classification with an average mortality of 0.02%. Seven of the 8 field populations showed resistance to deltamethrin. These results are alarming for dengue vector control, as widespread resistance may compromise the entomological impact of larval control operations. Innovative vector control tools are needed to replace ineffective pesticides in Cambodia.Publication Metadata only Evaluation of the nmosd 2015 imaging guideline to differentiate between diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in Thai patients(2018-03-01) Siri On Tritrakarn; Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan; Smathorn Thakolwiboon; Siriwan Piyapittayanan; Chanon Ngamsombat; Orasa Chawalparit; Naraporn Prayoonwiwat; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, ASEAN Neurological Association. All rights reserved. Background & Objective: The neuromyelitis optic spectrum disorders (NMOSD) diagnostic criteria introduced in 2015 proposed many imaging criteria to differentiate between NMOSD and multiple sclerosis (MS). Criteria applied in Asian population with higher prevalence of NMOSD might not be as specific. The objective was to evaluate the NMOSD 2015 imaging guideline in Thai patients. Methods: The patients were recruited from MS and Related Disorders Clinic at a university hospital. NMOSD 2015 and McDonald 2010 diagnostic criteria were applied for diagnosis. NMOSD was classified into positive- and negative-AQP4 groups.The MRI available in the institute PAC system was reviewed by 3 neuroradiologists for features according to NMOSD 2015 imaging criteria. Percentage of each finding was calculated in all groups. Results: There were 37 MS and 101 NMOSD patients, with positive- and negative-AQP4 NMOSD in 88 and 13 cases, respectively. Most of the patients were female. Findings in brain MRI suggestive of MS were Dawson finger sign, periventricular inferior temporal lobe and corticospinal tract lesions. Involvement of corpus callosum and optic pathway was more common in MS. More patients with NMOSD showed involvement at posterior half of the optic nerve, whereas more patients with MS had involvement of optic radiation and optic tract. Spinal cord lesions more common in NMOSD included thoracic cord involvement, lesions extending more than 3 vertebral body segments and centrally located lesions in axial plane. Conclusion: Only some brain MRI features were more conclusive for NMOSD in Thai patients. Spinal cord MRI lesions were still more helpful in differentiating between MS and NMOSD.Publication Metadata only Predicting factors of treatment failure in smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective cohort study in Bangkok using a combination of symptoms and sputum smear/chest radiography(2018-01-01) Najeebullah Rahimy; Viravarn Luvira; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; Sopon Iamsirithaworn; Maleerat Sutherat; Weerapong Phumratanaprapin; Thavisakdi Bamrungtrakul; Benjaluck Phonrat; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Mahidol University; Prasarnmit Hospital; Kandahar University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Background: A successful outcome of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis [SPPTB] used as an indicator of TB control program performance is necessary for monitoring program achievement. Objective: To study outcomes of SPPTB and to investigate factors associated with treatment failure. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to identify outcomes and factors associated with failure in HIV-seronegative, SPPTB adult patients at Prasarnmit Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand between 2003 and 2012. Results: Two hundred ninety-one patients were enrolled. The following outcomes were notes, 78.7% cure, 1.7% completed treatment, 5.5% failure, 10% transfer out, 3.8% default, and 0.3% died. In multiple logistic regression, the failures were statistically associated with age over 50 years (OR 3.99, 95% CI 1.06 to 15.07), sputum smear 3+ at diagnosis (OR 6.34, 95% CI 1.71 to 23.55), and drug resistance (OR 23.58, 95% CI 6.11 to 90.97). To predict failure, symptoms and basic laboratory results as well as sputum smear and chest radiography [CXR] were combined. The symptoms of cough, fever, and hemoptysis plus sputum smear 3+ showed high odd ratios of 5.17 (95% CI 1.50 to 18.67), 8.88 (95% CI 1.46 to 68.75), and 18.57 (95% CI 1.82 to 456.86), respectively. When combining symptoms with cavitary lesion(s) in CXR, only hemoptysis in combination with cavitary lesion(s) showed a significant association with failure (OR 8.54, 95% CI 0.87 to 205.19). Conclusion: The WHO goal of success rate in SPPTB was not achieved. However, the risk factors of failure were identified by using symptoms plus simple laboratory tests, which can be useful in resource-limited areas.Publication Metadata only Analysis of Zika virus neutralizing antibodies in normal healthy Thais(2018-12-01) Wannapa Sornjai; Janejira Jaratsittisin; Prasert Auewarakul; Nitwara Wikan; Duncan R. Smith; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, The Author(s). Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been reported from all over Thailand, but the number of reported cases remains low, suggesting a degree of immune protection against ZIKV infection. To address this possibility, the presence of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies was determined in serum from 135 healthy Thai adults with a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and a number of samples were subsequently analyzed for the presence of neutralizing antibodies to dengue virus (DENV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Results showed that 70.4% (PRNT 50 ≥ 10), 55.6 (PRNT 50 ≥ 20) or 22.2% (PRNT 90 ≥ 20) of the samples showed neutralizing antibodies to ZIKV. Detailed analysis showed no association between the presence of neutralizing antibodies to other flaviviruses (DENV, JEV) and the presence of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies. These results suggest that the level of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies in the Thai population is enough to dampen the transmission of the virus in Thailand.Publication Metadata only Electrical stimulation-based nerve location prediction for cranial nerve VII localization in acoustic neuroma surgery(2018-06-01) Dilok Puanhvuan; Sorayouth Chumnanvej; Yodchanan Wongsawat; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol University© 2018 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Introduction: Cranial nerve (CN) VII localization is a critical step during acoustic neuroma surgery because the nerve is generally hidden due to the tumor mass. The patient can suffer from Bell's palsy if the nerve is accidentally damaged during tumor removal. Surgeons localize CN VII by exploring the target area with a stimulus probe. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) are elicited when the probe locates the nerve. However, false positives and false negatives are possible due to unpredictable tissue impedance in the operative area. Moreover, a single CMAP amplitude is not correlated with probe-to-nerve distance. Objectives: This paper presents a new modality for nerve localization. The probe-to-nerve distance is predicted by the proposed nerve location prediction model. Methods: Input features are extracted from CMAP responses, tissue impedance, and stimulus current. The tissue impedance is calculated from the estimated resistance and capacitance of the tissue equivalent circuit. In this study, experiments were conducted in animals. A frog's sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius were used to represent CN VII and facial muscle in humans, respectively. Gelatin (2.8%) was used as a mock material to mimic an acoustic neuroma. The %NaCl applied to the mock material was used to emulate uncontrollable impedance of tissue in the operative area. Results: The 10-fold cross-validation results revealed an average prediction accuracy of 86.71% and an average predicted error of 0.76 mm compared with the measurement data. Conclusion: The proposed nerve location prediction model could predict the probe-to-nerve distance across various impedances of the mock material.Publication Metadata only Community public policy process for solving cadmium contamination problems in the environment: A case study of Mae Sod district, Tak province(2018-01-01) Worayuth Nak-ai; Uthaithip Jiawiwatkul; Lakkhana Temsirikulchia; Kitipat Nontapattamadul; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Mahidol University; Thammasat University© 2017 Kasetsart University The aim of this qualitative research was to study the community public policy process for solving environmental problems that affect the lifestyle of community members. Mae Sod district, Tak province, Thailand was selected to be a case study. The research question was what public policy process does the community have for solving cadmium contamination problems in the environment? Qualitative research methods were applied among 14 network members and stakeholders on policy movement. Data were collected for this study using the snowball sampling technique, in-depth interviews, and nonparticipating observations. The data selection method and content analysis were applied. The result of this study showed the community had processes to drive public policy in solving environmental problems involving cadmium contamination through using legal action. The five steps were: forming groups of affected people, issuing plans and procedures for the movement, searching for networks, communicating and expanding knowledge, and issuing public policy proposals through the administrative court. The community public policy process was successful as the administrative court declaration resulted in the affected area being placed under environmental protection, and the related administrative agencies were required to resolve the problems causing the adverse effects on the community and its lifestyle. Therefore, the application of the policy or the direction of development by the Government should consider the after effects including the environment, society, and health of the people. An assessment must be made of a policy's effect before a decision is made to go forward with the policy. Therefore, good public policy should derive its developmental basis from the community or its members as it will sustain the policy impact on the community.Publication Metadata only The use of alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma may potentially be more beneficial for patients with aggressive hepatocellular carcinomas and high alpha-fetoprotein levels(2018-04-01) Waraporn Panjawong; Sasivimol Rattanasiri; Pongphob Intaraprasong; Taya Kitiyakara; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Objective: There is some controversy as to whether alpha-fetoprotein [AFP] should be used in screening for hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or not. Materials and Methods: Data from our hospital HCC registry 2010 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Asymptomatic patients with HCC who were diagnosed by AFP alone (where ultrasound [US] did not detect a lesion or trigger a diagnostic test) were compared with patients detected by US. Results: Out of 314 patients in the registry, 43 patients were diagnosed without symptoms. US detected 33 patients with HCC, while 10 patients (equal to 23.3% of the total or 30% additional patients) were detected by AFP alone. These patients were younger, had higher median AFP level and were at a better BCLC stage than those detected by US. The treatment outcomes for these patients were no different from the US detected patients, whether in terms of death, local tumor control or recurrence. Conclusion: The use of AFP in addition to US allowed earlier detection in 30% more patients than if US was used alone. These patients had higher AFP but achieved the same outcomes as those in the US detected group who had lower AFP. The use of AFP in screening may therefore be of particular benefit in terms of early detection and treatment for those patients with the more aggressive HCC with high AFP.Publication Metadata only Proceedings From the Fourth Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation Symposium (HAPLO2016), San Diego, California, December 1, 2016(2018-05-01) Monzr M. Al Malki; Richard Jones; Qing Ma; Dean Lee; Yair Reisner; Jeffrey S. Miller; Peter Lang; Suradej Hongeng; Parameswaran Hari; Samuel Strober; Jianhua Yu; Richard Maziarz; Domenico Mavilio; Denis Claude Roy; Chiara Bonini; Richard E. Champlin; Ephraim J. Fuchs; Stefan O. Ciurea; Humanitas University; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Stanford University School of Medicine; Università degli Studi di Milano; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Universitätsklinikum Tübingen Medizinische Fakultät; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Weizmann Institute of Science Israel; Oregon Health and Science University; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Mahidol University; Medical College of Wisconsin; Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; City of Hope National Med Center; Ohio State University; Children's Hospital Columbus© 2018 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation The resurgence of haploidentical stem cell transplantation (HaploSCT) over the last decade is one of the most important advances in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The modified platforms of T cell depletion either ex vivo (CD34 + cell selection, “megadoses” of purified CD34 + cells, or selective depletion of T cells) or newer platforms of in vivo depletion of T cells, with either post-transplantation high-dose cyclophosphamide or intensified immune suppression, have contributed to better outcomes, with survival similar to that in HLA-matched donor transplantation. Further efforts are underway to control viral reactivation using modified T cells, improve immunologic reconstitution, and decrease the relapse rate post-transplantation using donor-derived cellular therapy products, such as genetically modified donor lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Improvements in treatment-related mortality have allowed the extension of haploidentical donor transplants to patients with hemoglobinopathies, such as thalassemia and sickle cell disease, and the possible development of platforms for immunotherapy in solid tumors. Moreover, combining HSCT from a related donor with solid organ transplantation could allow early tapering of immunosuppression in recipients of solid organ transplants and hopefully prevent organ rejection in this setting. This symposium summarizes some of the most important recent advances in HaploSCT and provides a glimpse in the future of fast growing field.Publication Metadata only The relationship between attachment styles and empathy(2018-01-01) Thanayot Sumalrot; Ittipol Pinijvicha; Sucheera Phattharayuttawat; Thienchai Ngamthipwatthana; Soisuda Imaroonrak; Natchaphon Auampradit; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Objective: To investigate the relationships between attachment styles and empathy, and to examine the predictive power of attachment styles on empathy. Materials and Methods: The Attachment Style Questionnaire along with the Basic Empathy Scale (Thai version) was used to measure attachment styles and empathy, consecutively. The sample consisted of 450 undergraduate students from Chulalongkorn University. Results: Substantial correlations between attachment styles and empathy were found. Secure attachment positively related to affective and cognitive empathy, preoccupied attachment positively correlated with affective empathy, dismissing attachment negatively correlated with affective empathy, and fearful attachment negatively related to cognitive empathy. In terms of predictability, it was found that empathy could be predicted by attachment styles. Conclusion: The results revealed different relations of attachment styles and empathy. This finding could be used for empathy development program.Publication Metadata only The effectiveness of a Japanese style health program: comparison between Minowa, Japan and Rayong, Thailand(2018-11-01) Satomi Fujimori; Suchinda Jarupat Maruo; Noppawan Piaseu; Surintorn Kalampakorn; Siriporn Sasimonthonkul; Keisuke Nakade; Toshiaki Watanabe; Yuki Murata; Fumihito Sasamori; Saiki Terasawa; Masao Okuhara; Hisaaki Tabuchi; Koji Terasawa; Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus; Shinshu University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol University; Shinshu University Faculty of Medicine; Suwa University of Science© 2018 Aim: This study aimed to appropriately establish a Japanese style healthcare program under the ISO9001:2008 (ISO: International Organization for Standardization) in Minowa, Japan and Rayong, Thailand to improve problem areas and inspect its effectiveness. Furthermore, we want to make this health promotion through ISO widely available in Asian countries and to make an international contribution. Method: We implemented a 6-month health program in the c Rayong city, Thailand, and a 12 month health program in the Minowa town, Japan. This study assessed findings from pedometry, anthropometry and blood pressure measurements, physical fitness, blood chemistry, and brain function tests. Results: The comparisons were made using interaction effects between the participants in Rayong and Minowa. They showed significant differences in the 10-m obstacle walk, the 6-minute walk, HDL, the reverse and reverse differentiation time, the total number of forgets, the total number of mistakes, and the total number of brain function errors. Conclusions: To improve the brain function in participants from Rayong through this health education program, measures such as increasing the number of steps, adding muscular strength/stretching exercises, and home training every day is suggested.Publication Metadata only Does talc reduce seroma formation after mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial(2018-07-01) Ronnarat Suvikapakornkul; Rungkij Chaiteerakij; Panuwat Lertsithichai; Yodying Wasutit; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Background: The most common complication following mastectomy is seroma formation. Surgeons tend to leave the drain longer to prevent seroma but it will increase rate of infection and patient’s discomfort. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of talc in reducing drain volume and shorten duration of drain in comparison to the routine care. Materials and Methods: Patients with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy were randomly assigned to TALC and NON-TALC group. For the TALC group, talc was applied in the mastectomy space, and none was given in the NON-TALC group. The total volume of drain, day of leaving drain, seroma formation, complications and long-term recurrence were recorded. Results: Fifty-two patients were randomly assigned in two groups equally. Talc did not show any correlation to the reduction of drain fluid (910 mL for NON-TALC group vs. 912.5 mL for TALC group; p = 0.583). TALC and NON-TALC group demonstrated no difference in duration of drainage (16.5 days vs. 15.5 days; p = 0.437). However, one seroma was found in NON-TALC. Overall, there was no different loco-regional and distant recurrence in both groups. Conclusion: There was no sufficient evidence to support the application of talc following mastectomy to reduce the drainage volume and decrease the duration of draining.Publication Metadata only Clinical pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine: New strategies to maximize drug efficacy and avoid adverse drug reaction(2018-07-02) Chonlaphat Sukasem; Sadeep Medhasi; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018. Genetic variability among drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters influences the pharmacokinetics of the drug and is associated with marked interindividual variability in therapeutic effects and toxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can facilitate the individualization of dose adjustment of the drug by measuring the plasma concentrations of drug. TDM can be incorporated with the pharmacogenomics, and the metabolic status of the patient can be characterized to optimize the dosage regimen according to the patient's needs. Several polymorphisms among cytochrome P450 (CYP) and phase II enzymes that contribute to the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have been updated on a regular basis in PharmGKB. A number of pharmacogenomic markers are reported by the Food and Drug Administration and Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) among DMEs for commonly used drugs that are potentially associated with variability in drug response. This review focuses on the genetic polymorphisms of phases I and II DMEs and their associations with drug responses. The drugs discussed in this review requiring a pharmacogenomic test before being prescribed includes efavirenz, voriconazole, clopidogrel, warfarin, tamoxifen, irinotecan, tacrolimus, azathioprine, and risperidone. This chapter also presents the application of pharmacogenomics in the clinic and patient counseling. Finally, a section focuses on the future perspectives of pharmacogenomics and the translation of pharmacogenomic research into routine clinical care.Publication Metadata only Demographic and clinical characteristics of thai patients with fibromyalgia syndrome(2018-01-01) Pradit Prateepavanich; Suwimon Yeephu; Saithip Suttiruksa; Chuthamanee Suthisisang; Nattha Saisavoey; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahasarakham University; Srinakharinwirot University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Background: The heterogeneity in somatic and psychological symptoms of fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS] varies in prevalence and characteristics due to variations of clinical symptoms, genetics and socio-cultural behaviors in different populations. Objective: To obtain demographic data, clinical characteristics, and to investigate the correlations of clinical characteristics in Thai patients with FMS. Materials and Methods: Seventy-one FMS patients (based on the American College of Rheumatology [ACR] 1,990 diagnostic criteria) were enrolled and their demographic information as well as clinical characteristics were determined. Questionnaires including pain visual analog scale [PVAS], patient global assessment of disease status measured by using a visual analog scale [VAS], fibromyalgia impact questionnaire [FIQ], Jenkin’s sleep scale, and Hamilton Depression rating scale [HAM-D] were recorded. Results: Almost all subjects were female (97.20%), mean ± SD age was 44.83±10.81 years, mean ± SD duration of widespread pain was 3.43±2.92 years. Muscle pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and headache were the majority of reported symptoms (100%, 74.60%, 71.80% and 71.80%, respectively). The average ±SD PVAS, VAS, FIQ, and Jenkin’s sleep scores were 63.39±17.80, 60.53±19.64, 45.48±16.83, and 8.42±5.21, respectively. Most patients had no or mild depressive symptoms. The average ±SD HAM-D score was 7.72±4.45. Correlation analysis revealed the significant relationship between various characteristics. Moderate positive correlation between PVAS score and VAS score measured patient global assessment of disease status (r = 0.609, p<0.001) as well as Jenkin’s sleep scale score and HAM-D total score (r = 0.621, p<0.001) was also observed. Conclusion: Most Thai people with FMS were middle-aged women. The main clinical problems were pain and insomnia but not depressive symptoms. Positive correlation between several clinical scores was documented.Publication Metadata only Intimate partner sexual violence and risk for femicide, suicidality and substance use among women in antenatal care and general out-patients in Thailand(2018-02-06) Supa Pengpid; Karl Peltzer; Orapin Laosee; Kawinarat Suthisukon; University of Limpopo; Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa; Mahidol University© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Little is known about the occurrence and health consequences of intimate partner sexual assault. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of sexual assault in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Thailand. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey adult female participants were systematically screened (self-administered or interview administered) for IPV in antenatal care and general outpatient clinics in nine randomly selected hospitals in two provinces in the central region. Measures included the Abuse Assessment Screen, Severity of Violence Against Women Scale, Danger assessment and suicidal behaviour. Results: From 14,288 women screened, 1.5% were positive for IPV and 207 participated in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 26.8 years (SD=9.3). Fifty-seven women, 27.5% of the sample, reported sexual assault, one or more times, during the relationship in the past 12 months. Most reported some form of psychological abuse (82.1%), physical violence (67.1%) and danger (72.0%). In all, 21.3% reported psychological, physical and sexual violence. Bivariate analyses found that older age, being recruited in the general out-patient department, greater number of children, high psychological abuse, high physical violence, danger and suicidal behaviour in the past 12 months were associated with sexual assault. In multivariable backward conditional logistic regression physical violence (OR=5.32, CI=2.52-11.24) and suicidal behaviour (OR=3.28, CI=1.37-7.83) were found to be associated with sexual assault. Conclusions: The study found a moderate rate of sexual assault in intimate violent partner relationships and those sexual assaults are more likely to co-occur with physical intimate partner violence and suicidal behaviour. This knowledge may be helpful in the detection and management of sexual assault in intimate violent partner relationships of women in health care settings in Thailand.Publication Metadata only Differences between pulmonary and extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: A multicenter analysis(2018-01-01) Chin Seng Gan; Judith Ju Ming Wong; Rujipat Samransamruajkit; Soo Lin Chuah; Yek Kee Chor; Suyun Qian; Nattachai Anantasit; Xu Feng; Jacqueline Soo May Ong; Phan Huu Phuc; Suwannee Phumeetham; Rehena Sultana; Tsee Foong Loh; Lucy Chai See Lum; Jan Hau Lee; Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore; Beijing Children's Hospital; National University Hospital, Singapore; Chongqing Medical University; KK Women's And Children's Hospital; University of Malaya Medical Centre; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Sarawak General Hospital; King Chul-alongkorn Memorial Hospital; National Children's HospitalCopyright © 2018 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. Objectives: Extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome are poorly described in the literature. We aimed to describe and compare the epidemiology, risk factors for mortality, and outcomes in extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. Design: This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. Data on epidemiology, ventilation, therapies, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Patients were classified into two mutually exclusive groups (extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome) based on etiologies. Primary outcome was PICU mortality. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to identify risk factors for mortality. Setting: Ten multidisciplinary PICUs in Asia. Patients: Mechanically ventilated children meeting the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference criteria for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome between 2009 and 2015. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Forty-one of 307 patients (13.4%) and 266 of 307 patients (86.6%) were classified into extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome groups, respectively. The most common causes for extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome were sepsis (82.9%) and pneumonia (91.7%), respectively. Children with extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome were older, had higher admission severity scores, and had a greater proportion of organ dysfunction compared with pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome group. Patients in the extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome group had higher mortality (48.8% vs 24.8%; p = 0.002) and reduced ventilator-free days (median 2.0 d [interquartile range 0.0-18.0 d] vs 19.0 d [0.5-24.0 d]; p = 0.001) compared with the pulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome group. After adjusting for site, severity of illness, comorbidities, multiple organ dysfunction, and severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome, extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome etiology was not associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.56 [95% CI, 0.90-2.71]). Conclusions: Patients with extrapulmonary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome were sicker and had poorer clinical outcomes. However, after adjusting for confounders, it was not an independent risk factor for mortality.Publication Metadata only Mortality rate and predictive factors for invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: Experience in siriraj hospital(2018-01-01) Premyot Ngaotepprutaram; Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn; Piyamaporn Wongtawornruang; Kanchana Amornphichetkul; Siri On Tritrakarn; Popchai Ngamskulrungroj; Jate Lumyongsatien; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. Objective: To elucidate the mortality rate and prognostic factors in patients with invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in Siriraj Hospital. Methods: Thirty-nine patients with a definitive diagnosis of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis were recruited from October 2003 to September 2014. The mortality rate was retrieved, and the impacts of underlying diseases, clinical presentation, disease extension, fungal types, antifungal drugs, and time to treatment were statistically analyzed. Results: The overall mortality rate was 23.1%. All patients except one were immunocompromised. Cranial nerve involvement was the most common symptom. The ethmoid sinus was the most commonly affected intranasal site (46.2%), and the majority of extranasal lesions were located in the orbit (17.9%). Most patients were affected by Aspergillus spp. (64.1%). Alteration of consciousness and periorbital pain were significant negative prognostic factors [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 10.37 (1.31-82.07) and 8.67 (1.30-57.88), respectively]. Other factors such as time to treatment, age, and central nervous system involvement had no effect on mortality. Conclusion: The mortality rate of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in this study was 23.1%. Negative prognostic factors were alteration of consciousness and periorbital pain. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, and aggressive treatment should be considered.Publication Metadata only Polarization phase-shifting technique for the determination of a transparent thin film’s thickness using a modified sagnac interferometer(2018-01-01) Rapeepan Kaewon; Chutchai Pawong; Ratchapak Chitaree; Apichai Bhatranand; Rajamangala University of Technology system; Mahidol University; King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi© 2018 Current Optics and Photonics. We propose a polarization phase-shifting technique to investigate the thickness of Ta2O5 thin films deposited on BK7 substrates, using a modified Sagnac interferometer. Incident light is split by a polarizing beam splitter into two orthogonal linearly polarized beams traveling in opposite directions, and a quarter-wave plate is inserted into the common path to create an unbalanced phase condition. The linearly polarized light beams are transformed into two circularly polarized beams by transmission through a quarter-wave plate placed at the output of the interferometer. The proposed setup, therefore, yields rotating polarized light that can be used to extract a relative phase via the self-reference system. A thin-film sample inserted into the cyclic path modifies the output signal, in terms of the phase retardation. This technique utilizes three phase-shifted intensities to evaluate the phase retardation via simple signal processing, without manual adjustment of the output polarizer, which subsequently allows the thin film’s thickness to be determined. Experimental results show that the thicknesses obtained from the proposed setup are in good agreement with those acquired by a field-emission scanning electron microscope and a spectroscopic ellipsometer. Thus, the proposed interferometric arrangement can be utilized reliably for non-contact thickness measurements of transparent thin films and characterization of optical devices.Publication Metadata only Research Directions in Genetic Predispositions to Stevens–Johnson Syndrome / Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis(2018-03-01) Teri A. Manolio; Carolyn M. Hutter; Mark Avigan; Ricardo Cibotti; Robert L. Davis; Joshua C. Denny; Lois La Grenade; Lisa M. Wheatley; Mary N. Carrington; Wasun Chantratita; Wen Hung Chung; Andrea D. Dalton; Shuen Iu Hung; Ming Ta Michael Lee; J. Steven Leeder; Juan J.L. Lertora; Surakameth Mahasirimongkol; Howard L. McLeod; Maja Mockenhaupt; Michael Pacanowski; Elizabeth J. Phillips; Simone Pinheiro; Munir Pirmohamed; Cynthia Sung; Wimon Suwankesawong; Lauren Trepanier; Santa J. Tumminia; David Veenstra; Rika Yuliwulandari; Neil H. Shear; Leidos Inc.; National Yang-Ming University Taiwan; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Universität Freiburg im Breisgau; University of Wisconsin Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; The Food and Drug Administration, Thailand Ministry of Public Health; University of Liverpool; Chang Gung University; Murdoch University; Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National University of Singapore; University of Toronto; NIH Clinical Center; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; University of Washington, Seattle; National Human Genome Research Institute; Food and Drug Administration; Geisinger Health System; National Eye Institute; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Moffitt Cancer Center; Vanderbilt University; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Foundation; YARSI University© 2017 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is one of the most devastating of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and was, until recently, essentially unpredictable. With the discovery of several risk alleles for drug-induced SJS/TEN and the demonstration of effectiveness of screening in reducing incidence, the stage is set for implementation of preventive strategies in populations at risk. Yet much remains to be learned about this potentially fatal complication of commonly used drugs.