Scopus 2018
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Publication Metadata only It is time to give social research a voice to tackle antimicrobial resistance?(2018-04-01) Marco J. Haenssgen; Nutcha Charoenboon; Yuzana Khine Zaw; University of Oxford, Saïd Business School; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; Green Templeton College; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicinePublication Metadata only The accuracy of leukocyte esterase and glucose levels in synovial fluid for diagnosis of acute septic arthritis: A preliminary report(2018-03-01) Nopporn Vanaprasert; Patarawan Woratanarat; Parawee Chevaisrakul; Mongkol Kunakorn; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of synovial leukocyte esterase and glucose in differentiating between acute bacterial arthritis and inflammatory arthritis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to August 2016. Patients older than 18 years who had painful or swollenjoints and who were suspected of having joint infection were enrolled. Synovial fluid aspirated from the affected joint was centrifuged to precipitate RBC and clear supernatant was obtained. Leukocyte esterase and glucose were identified using a standard colorimetric urine strip test which was graded as negative, 1+, 2+ or 3+. Statistical analysis was done using STATA 13.0. Results: There were 21 patients suspected of having septic arthritis. The average age was 68.5±14.5 years, and 52.4% were female. The incidence of septic arthritis was 33.3%. Leukocyte esterase has a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 64.3%. The synovial glucose test has a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 71.4%. A combination of positive (2+ or 3+) leukocyte esterase and negative synovial glucose yielded a sensitivity of71.4%, specificity of 92.9%, likelihood ratio [LR] of a positive test of 10.0, LR of a negative test 0.31, and area under receiver operative characteristic [ROC] curve 0.82. Conclusion: Combined synovial leukocyte esterase and glucose can be a useful diagnostic test for septic arthritis.Publication Metadata only Worldwide prevalence of Brugada syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis(2018-05-01) Wasawat Vutthikraivit; Pattara Rattanawong; Prapaipan Putthapiban; Weera Sukhumthammarat; Prin Vathesatogkit; Tachapong Ngarmukos; Ammarin Thakkinstian; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Lubbock; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Mahidol University; Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia© 2018, Republic of China Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is considered to be an inherited arrhythmic disease associated with fatal complications and premature sudden unexpected death. The prevalence of the Brugada electrocardiogram pattern (BrP) has been reported in several countries. Nonetheless, the specific worldwide prevalence of BrS has not been reported. Objective: We estimated the worldwide prevalence of BrS and Type-2/3 BrP in general adult populations using a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature. Methods: We thoroughly searched MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases up to March 2017. Included studies were population-based electrocardiogram studies in which prevalence was presented or could be calculated from available data. Pooled prevalence by country/region and/or ethnicitywas estimated using a random-effect model. Results: Twenty-eight articles with atotal population of 369,068 were included in this study. The worldwide pooled prevalence of BrS was 0.5 per 1,000 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3-0.7]. The highest prevalence was reported in Southeast Asia (1.8 per 1,000, 95% CI: 0.5-6.6); the lowestwas found in North Africa (0 per 1,000). BrS in Asianswas nine timesmore common than in Caucasians and 36 timesmore common than in Hispanics. The worldwide pooled prevalence of Type-2/3 BrPwas 6.1 per 1,000 (95% CI: 5.0-7.1). The highest prevalencewas also reported in Southeast Asia (35.5 per 1,000, 95% CI: 17.1-53.9). Conclusions: This study revealed a significant difference in the worldwide prevalence of BrS and Type-2/3 BrP. Brugada electrocardiogram patterns are highly prevalent in Southeast Asia.Publication Metadata only Factors associated with learning outcomes in first pre-clinical year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University(2018-01-01) Pongsakorn Buraphat; Mayuree Homsanit; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018 Siriraj Medical Journal. Objective: Electronic learning system (e-lecture) has been developed and used as a tool to assist students' learning. Usage of e-lecture and learning behaviors were evaluated for their associations with learning outcomes. Methods: This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study enrolled 107 first pre-clinical year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand. Information on learning outcomes of biomedical subjects and learning behavior including e-lecture use, self-study time, skipping class and inattention were collected. Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: Compared to students who earned average biomedical grades of > 3.0, students who earned average grades ≤3.0 significantly used more e-lecture (median, IQR 63.81, 49.17-70.03 and 31.08, 11.29-51.49, respectively, p =0.001), had more inattention time during lectures (median, IQR, 22.13, 14.94-31.19, and 13.1, 8.05-20.30, respectively, p=0.008), and spent less time for self-study and review of lessons (median, IQR 102.00, 68.00-176.50, and 147.50, 106.25-246.00, respectively, p=0.04). For each one hour increase in e-lecture usage, the chance of earning an average biomedical grade of > 3.0 was decreased by 4%. Positive correlations were found between e-lecture usage with skipping class and with inattention during lecture (coefficients = 0.31 and 0.37, with p=0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Time spent for self-study and review of lessons negatively correlated with inattention during lectures (coefficient =-0.28, p=0.003). Conclusion: E-lecture may be misused by students who have poor learning behaviors as a substitute for in-class lectures. Time voluntarily spent in e-lecture may be an indicator for students who need educational guidance and/ or counseling.Publication Metadata only Acquiring sentiment from twitter using supervised learning and lexicon-based techniques(2018-01-01) Jitrlada Rojratanavijit; Preecha Vichitthamaros; Sukanya Phongsuphap; Mahidol University; Thailand National Institute of Development Administration© 2018, Walailak University. All rights reserved. The emergence of Twitter in Thailand has given millions of users a platform to express and share their opinions about products and services, among other subjects, and so Twitter is considered to be a rich source of information for companies to understand their customers by extracting and analyzing sentiment from Tweets. This offers companies a fast and effective way to monitor public opinions on their brands, products, services, etc. However, sentiment analysis performed on Thai Tweets has challenges brought about by language-related issues, such as the difference in writing systems between Thai and English, short-length messages, slang words, and word usage variation. This research paper focuses on Tweet classification and on solving data sparsity issues. We propose a mixed method of supervised learning techniques and lexicon-based techniques to filter Thai opinions and to then classify them into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. The proposed method includes a number of pre-processing steps before the text is fed to the classifier. Experimental results showed that the proposed method overcame previous limitations from other studies and was very effective in most cases. The average accuracy was 84.80 %, with 82.42 % precision, 83.88 % recall, and 82.97 % F-measure.Publication Metadata only Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia(2018-01-01) Pongsakorn Rungwittayanuwat; Sucheera Phattharayuttawat; Suwit Charoensak; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018, Medical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved. Objective: To examine the prevalence of, and the factors that are associated with, depression among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Psychiatric Outpatient Department [OPD], Siriraj Hospital, and collected data from one caregiver per patient. A total of 88 caregivers were enrolled. The instruments comprised of a questionnaire for caregivers, and a structured interview that assessed the diagnostic criteria of depression, which was based on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview [MINI]-Thai version. Results: In the present study, the prevalence of depression among caregivers of schizophrenic patients was 11.4% (95% CI 6.3 to 19.7), comprised of major depressive episodes (4.5%) and dysthymia (6.8%). Insufficient monthly income (OR 5.11, 95% CI 1.20 to 21.64) and a medical problem of the caregiver (OR 16.07, 95% CI 1.93 to 133.51) were found to be statistically-significant results associated with caregivers’ depression. Conclusion: The caregivers of schizophrenic patients should be given empathy and be alerted to the risk of becoming depressed, especially in the cases of those caregivers who have a medical problem and an insufficient monthly income.Publication Metadata only A prospective analysis for prevalence of complications in Thai nontransfusion-dependent Hb E/β-thalassemia and α-thalassemia (Hb H disease)(2018-05-01) Supachai Ekwattanakit; Noppadol Siritanaratkul; Vip Viprakasit; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Recently, complications in patients with nontransfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT), in particular those with β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI), were found to be significantly different from those in patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT), mainly β-thalassemia major (β–TM). However, this information is rather limited in other forms of NTDT. In this prospective study, adult Thai NTDT patients were interviewed and clinically evaluated for thalassemia related complications. Fifty-seven NTDT patients (age 18-74 years), 59.6% Hb E/β-thalassemia and 40.4% Hb H disease, were recruited; 26.4% were splenectomized. The most common complications were gallstones (68.4%), osteoporosis (26.3%), and pulmonary hypertension (15.8%). Splenectomy was associated with higher rate of gallstones and serious infection (P =.001 and.052, respectively), consistent with a multivariate analysis (RR = 9.5, P =.044, and RR = 15.1, P =.043, respectively). In addition, a higher hemoglobin level was inversely associated with gallstones in both univariate and multivariate analyses (P =.01 and.022, respectively). Serum ferritin was associated with abnormal liver function (P =.002). In contrast to the previous study, the prevalence of thrombosis was less common in our population (1.7%), probably due to differences in transfusion therapy, ethnicity, and underlying genotypes. For the first time, this prospective study provided the current prevalence of NTDT related complications in a Southeast Asian population with a different underlying genetic basis compared with previous studies. Although individual prevalence of each complication might differ from other studies, several important clinical factors such as splenectomy, degree of anemia, and iron overload seem to be determining risks of developing these complications consistently across different ethnicities.Publication Metadata only Health status in wild and captive short mackerel, Rastrelliger brachysoma from Thailand: Histopathology(2018-09-01) Sinlapachai Senarat; Jes Kettratad; Sasipong Tipdomrongpong; F. Gerald Plumley; Wannee Jiraungkoorskul; Pisit Poolprasert; Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University; Samut Songkhram Marine Fisheries Research and Development Station© 2018, Prince of Songkla University. All rights reserved. Information regarding the health status of wild and captive Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker, 1851) is scanty. This is an economically/ ecologically important fish species in Thailand which has experienced recent dramatic declines in population numbers. Therefore, the aim of this research was to assess the health status of this fish using histopathology as biomarker. The results revealed previously the gill lesions including lamellae disorganization, fusion and edema with lifting of lamellar epithelium in the secondary lamellae. The skin histopathology included epidermal hyperplasia and the proliferation of the Malpighian cells. Pyknotic nuclei and vacuolar degeneration of exocrine acinar cells were detected in the pancreas tissue. Degeneration of the renal parenchyma and tubules as well as the melanomacrophage center (MMC) was observed in kidney tissue. In captive fish, the most common histopathology of gill tissue, primary lamellae disorganization and degeneration of secondary gills, was observed in all samples. In some areas of the kidney tissues, renal degeneration and damage to the glomeruli throughout the majority of the macrophage aggregates (MMC) were also found. Important histopathological observations of liver tissue were hepatic degeneration, focal coagulation necrosis and increased frequency of MMC. Interestingly, a gastric tumor was observed in only one male specimen. Additionally, it must be emphasized that histopathological alterations are an effective biomarker used to evaluate potential effects of the environmental pollution on fish health and marine biota.Publication Metadata only Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia(2018-01-01) I. Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra; Desri Astuti; Dyah Anantalia Widyastari; Dusita Phuengsamran; Mahidol University©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health problems remain a public health concern in Indonesia. An increase of premarital sex as well as early sexual debut among adolescents without any protection leads to a high risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health consequences. This study aimed to assess condom use prevalence and identify its determinants among male adolescents who are sexually active in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Adolescent Reproductive Health component of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2012. The sample for this study was 1341 sexually active male adolescents aged 15-24 years old. Data were analyzed descriptively and using binary logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate analysis. This study found that condom use prevalence among male adolescents at first and last sex accounted for 25.0% and 27.4%, respectively. Determinants of condom use varied by time of sexual intercourse. Knowledge of sexual and reproductive health and obtaining information about condoms were consistently related to condom use at first and last sexual encounter. Meanwhile, residential type, age at first sex, and sexual partner were significant determinants of condom use at sexual debut whilst educational level was only associated with condom use at last sex. As the level of protected sex among male adolescents was very low, providing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is suggested in order to develop the capacity among adolescents in making informed decisions and preventing unsafe sex.Publication Metadata only Factors influencing the accuracy of triage by registered nurses in trauma patients(2018-04-01) Thassanee Soontorn; Yajai Sitthimongkol; Orapan Thosingha; Chukiat Viwatwongkasem; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol UniversityAn accuracy of triage in patients with trauma at the emergency department can assist them to receive appropriate treatment in time leading to decreased mortality and disability. The objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of triage performed by registered nurses in the emergency department and examine factors influencing the triage accuracy in patients with trauma. A prospective observational design was performed in five emergency departments of regional hospitals in southern Thailand. The sample comprised 109 registered nurses and 1,090 adult patients with trauma. The accuracy of triage was calculated by using the difference score between the triage coding identified by a triage nurse immediately on patient emergency department arrival and the triage coding identified using the Emergency Severity Index Manual (Version 4). Multiple multinomial logistic regressions were employed to examine the predictors of triage accuracy. Only 52.4% of patients were categorized into an accurate triage group. Years of work by participants in the emergency department increased the likelihood of over-triage. In terms of patient characteristics, patients with blunt injury, multiple injuries and altered consciousness were more likely to be over triaged. These data provide strong evidence to support the implementation of the Emergency Severity Index version 4 as a standard tool in the emergency department during triage. Such a policy would contribute to improving the accuracy of the triage level designation in patients with trauma receiving service from an emergency department.Publication Metadata only Electrical stimulation-based nerve location prediction for cranial nerve VII localization in acoustic neuroma surgery(2018-06-01) Dilok Puanhvuan; Sorayouth Chumnanvej; Yodchanan Wongsawat; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol University© 2018 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Introduction: Cranial nerve (CN) VII localization is a critical step during acoustic neuroma surgery because the nerve is generally hidden due to the tumor mass. The patient can suffer from Bell's palsy if the nerve is accidentally damaged during tumor removal. Surgeons localize CN VII by exploring the target area with a stimulus probe. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) are elicited when the probe locates the nerve. However, false positives and false negatives are possible due to unpredictable tissue impedance in the operative area. Moreover, a single CMAP amplitude is not correlated with probe-to-nerve distance. Objectives: This paper presents a new modality for nerve localization. The probe-to-nerve distance is predicted by the proposed nerve location prediction model. Methods: Input features are extracted from CMAP responses, tissue impedance, and stimulus current. The tissue impedance is calculated from the estimated resistance and capacitance of the tissue equivalent circuit. In this study, experiments were conducted in animals. A frog's sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius were used to represent CN VII and facial muscle in humans, respectively. Gelatin (2.8%) was used as a mock material to mimic an acoustic neuroma. The %NaCl applied to the mock material was used to emulate uncontrollable impedance of tissue in the operative area. Results: The 10-fold cross-validation results revealed an average prediction accuracy of 86.71% and an average predicted error of 0.76 mm compared with the measurement data. Conclusion: The proposed nerve location prediction model could predict the probe-to-nerve distance across various impedances of the mock material.Publication Metadata only Multicultural education in Thailand(2018-03-04) Thithimadee Arphattananon; Mahidol University© 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This study examines multicultural education policy in Thailand. The researcher used the qualitative research methods of interviewing, observation and document examination to obtain data. Theory about multicultural education was used as a theoretical framework. The sites of study were eight primary schools that served students from diverse cultures–Muslim, Buddhist, Burmese, Cambodian and Thai–in the southern provinces of Thailand. Results showed that current educational policies do provide opportunity for migrant students to access public education. The Ministry of Education has allowed schools to apply their own rules and regulations that reflect the diverse cultures of their students. The results also show that the curriculum includes references to various cultures, that textbooks contain content that encourages students to live in harmony with people from different cultures and that some schools have implemented bilingual education programs. However, deeper analysis of school practices made it clear that what seems to be an acceptance of cultural diversity is just another form of assimilation. The well-established features that define Thainess remain intact and the inclusion of culturally specific content is insufficient to change the unequal power relations among dominant and minority groups in Thailand.Publication Metadata only A stochastic cellular automata model for rice tillering in the system of rice intensification(2018-07-26) Monamorn Precharattana; Tanaporn Kajonphol; Kasetsart University; Mahidol University© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. Closing the yield gap of rice production is urgently needed to improve food security in the ever-expanding world population. We propose a stochastic cellular automata (CA) model to describe spatial dynamics of rice growth under the system of rice intensification (SRI) to identify best planting practise. Our simulation results reveal sigmoid growth pattern of typical rice vegetative growth. We found that the exponential growth phase was dominantly influenced by the initial planting density, while the saturation growth phase was dominated by the initial spacing density. Planting of one or two or three plants per hill appeared to be suitable for the initial spacing density of 30 x 30 cm2, 40 x 40 cm2, 50 x 50 cm2 or larger, respectively. Our CA model can be used to describe the dynamics of rice vegetative growth, which may be a predictive feature of rice yield.Publication Metadata only Prevalence and management of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants: An Asian perspective(2018-01-12) Wei Cai; Lalit Bharadia; Mohammad Juffrie; Fook Choe Cheah; Seng Hock Quak; Vitaya Titapant; Ruurd van Elburg; Thomas Ludwig; Nutricia Research, Netherlands; Nutricia Research, Singapore; Universitas Gadjah Mada; National University Hospital, Singapore; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Santokba Durlabhji Memorial HospitalPublication Metadata only Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements in corneal edema using ultrasound pachymetry, visante anterior-segment optical coherence tomography, cirrus optical coherence tomography, and pentacam scheimpflug camera tomography(2018-01-01) Nida Wongchaisuwat; Ankana Metheetrairat; Pratuangsri Chonpimai; Waree Nujoi; Pinnita Prabhasawat; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2018 Wongchaisuwat et al. Purpose: To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements in subjects with corneal edema using ultrasound pachymetry, Visante anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), Cirrus OCT, and Pentacam Scheimpflug camera tomography. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 46 eyes of 33 patients with corneal edema and a CCT exceeding 550 μm evaluated by ultrasound pachymetry, Visante OCT, Cirrus OCT, and Pentacam. Two observers measured each eye twice. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility were determined and agreement among the devices calculated. Results: CCT was measured in 40 eyes of 29 patients. Regardless of the CCT, the measurements obtained using Visante OCT, Cirrus CCT, and ultrasound pachymetry were well correlated. Interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility were high among the three devices. Pentacam overestimated the results compared with the other devices, and ultrasound pachymetry was unmeasurable in six (13%) eyes with very thick and opaque corneas. In eyes with mild corneal edema (CCT 551–650 μm), measurements from the four devices were comparable. Conclusion: All devices reliably measured the CCT,650 μm. In eyes with edema exceeding 650 μm, CCT measurements from the Visante OCT, Cirrus OCT, and ultrasound pachymetry devices showed good reproducibility and were well correlated, while the Pentacam overestimated the values compared to the other devices. Pentacam and ultrasound pachymetry should not be used in eyes with extreme corneal edema and opacity.Publication Metadata only International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis(2018-02-01) Sarah K. Wise; Sandra Y. Lin; Elina Toskala; Richard R. Orlandi; Cezmi A. Akdis; Jeremiah A. Alt; Antoine Azar; Fuad M. Baroody; Claus Bachert; G. Walter Canonica; Thomas Chacko; Cemal Cingi; Giorgio Ciprandi; Jacquelynne Corey; Linda S. Cox; Peter Socrates Creticos; Adnan Custovic; Cecelia Damask; Adam DeConde; John M. DelGaudio; Charles S. Ebert; Jean Anderson Eloy; Carrie E. Flanagan; Wytske J. Fokkens; Christine Franzese; Jan Gosepath; Ashleigh Halderman; Robert G. Hamilton; Hans Jürgen Hoffman; Jens M. Hohlfeld; Steven M. Houser; Peter H. Hwang; Cristoforo Incorvaia; Deborah Jarvis; Ayesha N. Khalid; Maritta Kilpeläinen; Todd T. Kingdom; Helene Krouse; Desiree Larenas-Linnemann; Adrienne M. Laury; Stella E. Lee; Joshua M. Levy; Amber U. Luong; Bradley F. Marple; Edward D. McCoul; K. Christopher McMains; Erik Melén; James W. Mims; Gianna Moscato; Joaquim Mullol; Harold S. Nelson; Monica Patadia; Ruby Pawankar; Oliver Pfaar; Michael P. Platt; William Reisacher; Carmen Rondón; Luke Rudmik; Matthew Ryan; Joaquin Sastre; Rodney J. Schlosser; Russell A. Settipane; Hemant P. Sharma; Aziz Sheikh; Timothy L. Smith; Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn; Jody R. Tversky; Maria C. Veling; De Yun Wang; Marit Westman; Magnus Wickman; Mark Zacharek; University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino; Humanitas University; National Jewish Health; Universiteit Gent; Wake Forest University; University of California, San Diego; Temple University; Aarhus Universitet; The University of Chicago; Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; University of Edinburgh; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala; University of Utah; George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Missouri System; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH); Medical University of South Carolina; Boston University; Nippon Medical School; Ochsner Health System; The University of North Carolina System; National University of Singapore; Universität Heidelberg; Oregon Health and Science University; University of Pittsburgh; Università degli Studi di Pavia; Imperial College London; Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya; Mahidol University; Stanford University; Karolinska Institutet; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research; Brown University; Weill Cornell Medical College; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Johns Hopkins University; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Harvard Medical School; University of Amsterdam; University of Calgary; Universitat de Barcelona; Emory University; Case Western Reserve University; University of Colorado at Boulder; Hospital Universitario Fundacion Jiminez Diaz; ASST Pini/CTO; Loyola University; Otorhinolaryngology; Otolaryngology; Hospital Médica Sur; University of Texas Southwestern; San Antonio Military Medical Center; Allergy/Immunology© 2018 ARS-AAOA, LLC Background: Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR) literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this knowledge to clinical care of the AR patient. To evaluate the existing AR literature, international multidisciplinary experts with an interest in AR have produced the International Consensus statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR:AR). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to AR. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review (EBR), or evidence-based review with recommendations (EBRR) format as dictated by available evidence and purpose within the ICAR:AR document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:AR document was synthesized and reviewed by all authors for consensus. Results: The ICAR:AR document addresses over 100 individual topics related to AR, including diagnosis, pathophysiology, epidemiology, disease burden, risk factors for the development of AR, allergy testing modalities, treatment, and other conditions/comorbidities associated with AR. Conclusion: This critical review of the AR literature has identified several strengths; providers can be confident that treatment decisions are supported by rigorous studies. However, there are also substantial gaps in the AR literature. These knowledge gaps should be viewed as opportunities for improvement, as often the things that we teach and the medicine that we practice are not based on the best quality evidence. This document aims to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the AR literature to identify areas for future AR research and improved understanding.Publication Metadata only Women's beliefs about the utilization of antenatal services and their determinants: A qualitative study in three townships of Chin State, Myanmar(2018-01-01) Myo Tun; Sauwakon Ratanawijitrasin; Darunee Phukao; Seung Chun Paek; Mahidol University; University of Medicine© 2019, Journal of Population and Social Studies. Although the health care resources in Chin State are comparable to those in other regions, the indicators of maternal health status there are the poorest in Myanmar. While the Myanmar government has initiated health care system reforms, the increase in service capacity alone is a necessary but insufficient condition to improve access. Because the effectiveness of antenatal care is critical in terms of reducing maternal mortality and serious morbidity, this study determines how women's beliefs affect the utilization of antenatal services. The qualitative study analyzes in-depth interviews with 25 women who had given birth during the past year in both rural and urban areas of three townships in Chin State. The results show that women's beliefs strongly influence the utilization of antenatal services. The women did not recognize pregnancy risks or the benefits of antenatal services. They also did not trust the staff in the formal health care sector, and their trust in traditional birth attendants served as a barrier to utilization of antenatal service. To improve utilization, policymakers must understand the sociocultural context of women, as well as their beliefs and trust related to antenatal care, and should design policy to address the relevant influencing factors.Publication Metadata only Characters of Nutrition Status and Energy-delivery Patterns of the University-based Surgical Intensive Care Units in Thailand (Multi-center THAI-SICU Study)(2018-02-01) Supakrit Auiwattanakul; Kaweesak Chittawatanarat; Onuma Chaiwat; Sunthiti Morakul; Suneerat Kongsayreepong; Winai Ungpinitpong; Surakrant Yutthakasemsunt; Supawan Buranapin; Suranaree University of Technology; Surin Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Khon Kaen Regional Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai UniversityAim: The authors aimed to describe nutrition status and energy-delivery characters in multi-center THAI-SICU study.Material and Methods: Eligible patients admitted in SICU were 1,686 after excluding 563 of 2,249 participants owing to very short stay or non-alive within 24 hours after admission and missing data. The study was a posthoc analysis and multicenter descriptive design. The analytic methods described categorical data in percentage and the continuous data in the median with interquartile range. Variables divided into baseline characteristics and nutrition data before SICU admission, and the pattern of energy delivery in SICU. Statistical significance accepted as a p-value less than 0.05.Results: The average age was 64 (52-76) years with 57% male. The median of serum albumin level at admission (interquartile range, IQR) was 2.8 (2.2-3.4). There was 46 -47 percent of nutrition risk patient. Less than 10 percent of the patient had enteral (EN), parenteral (PN) or their combination before admission. History of weight loss and appetite loss was 27-31 percent. However, seventy percent of the patient could not define the duration of the symptom. EN was initiated early, but the tendency of full feeding was 7-10 days. At that period, supplemental PN was added around 30 percent of total calories. The composition of PN was quite low in these study which contains only 15-16 percent of total calories. The average energy delivery was 20 kcal/kg/day (the recommendation is 25-30 kcal/kg/day).Conclusion: The patient's nutrition status before SICU admission was at risk of 46-47% and weight loss and appetite loss might unreliable in ICU setting. EN is started early with gradually increase up to 7-10 days. The average total calories requirement is lower than a recommendation.Publication Metadata only Lactobacillus fermentum HP3–Mediated Fermented Hericium erinaceus Juice as a Health Promoting Food Supplement to Manage Diabetes Mellitus(2018-04-03) Chaiyavat Chaiyasut; Sasimar Woraharn; Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi; Narissara Lailerd; Periyanaina Kesika; Sartjin Peerajan; Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University; Health Innovation Institute© The Author(s) 2018. The current study investigated the antidiabetic property of Lactobacillus fermentum HP3–mediated fermented Hericium erinaceus juice (FHJ) using male Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). FHJ was prepared using boiled mushroom juice and L. fermentum HP3. Amino acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content of FHJ was analyzed. Streptozotocin-induced DM rats were supplemented with FHJ in a pre- and posttreatment method. The changes in plasma insulin, plasma glucose level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), representative cytokines, and the antioxidant system were assessed in experimental rats using spectrophotometric methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The supplementation of FHJ improved the body mass, insulin level, and recovery progress of hyperglycemia. HbA1c level was altered by the FHJ intervention. The inflammatory cytokines level was suppressed in FHJ supplemented group compared with control. Intervention of FHJ and insulin improved the production of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-–β1 in DM rat. The study suggested that fermented H erinaceus juice may be used as one of the food-based health-promoting supplement to manage DM along with medication.Publication Metadata only Development and internal validation of the Simplified Mortality Score for the Intensive Care Unit (SMS-ICU)(2018-03-01) R. Haniffa; A. Beane; T. Baker; E. D. Riviello; C. O. Schell; A. M. Dondorp; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Mahidol University; Karolinska Institutet; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; NICST