Serum ferritin levels in children with dengue infection

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of ferritin, an acute-phase reactant, in predicting the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in patients with dengue infection. One hundred seventy-seven Thai children (100 males, 77 females) 4-16 years old (median age 11 years) with DF (n=44) and DHF (n=133) were enrolled in the study. All patients had serologic confirmation of dengue infection. Each had a venous blood sample drawn daily during hospitalization and at the outpatient clinic 2-4 weeks after discharge from the hospital,to determine serum ferritin levels. The median serum ferritin levels (ng/ml) in children with DHF (Day 2, 974; Day 3, 624; Day 4, 1,136; Day 5, 1,912; Day 6, 2,105; Day 7, 1,840; Day 8, 1,478 and Day 9, 1,144 of illness) were higher than those with DF (Day 2, 25.4; Day 3, 45.6; Day 4, 655; Day 5, 1,050; Day 6, 1,075; Day 7, 615; Day 8, 764 and Day 9, 600 of illness) with pvalues of 0.013, 0.001 and 0.013 on Days 5, 6 and 7 of illness, respectively. A cutoff level of serum ferritin of 1,200 ng/ml was used to calculate sensitivity and specificity for DHF. The results reveal the sensitivities on Days 5, 6 and 7 of illness were 81.5, 84.4 and 89.9%, respectively, and the specificities were 42.4, 39.0 and 36.4%, respectively. High serum ferritin levels ≥1,200 ng/ml may be a predictor of dengue hemorrhagic fever.