Publication: The immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Thai children
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Issued Date
2011-08-11
Resource Type
ISSN
18732518
0264410X
0264410X
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-79960715000
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Vaccine. Vol.29, No.35 (2011), 5886-5891
Suggested Citation
Chareeya Thanee, Chitsanu Pancharoen, Sasithorn Likitnukul, Voravich Luangwedchakarn, Pinklow Umrod, Chayapa Phasomsap, Tanakorn Apornpong, Thongsuai Chuanchareon, Oratai Butterworth, Thanyawee Puthanakit The immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Thai children. Vaccine. Vol.29, No.35 (2011), 5886-5891. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.072 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/11490
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Thesis
Title
The immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Thai children
Abstract
Background: HIV-infected children have high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) despite receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study aimed to determine the immunogenicity and safety of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) in Thai HIV-infected children compared to HIV-exposed uninfected children. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among children 2 months to 9 years. The number of PCV-7 doses depended upon age and HIV status; 2-6 months of age: 3 doses; 7-23 months of age: 2 doses; HIV-infected child ≥24 months: 2 doses and HIV-exposed child ≥24 months: 1 dose. Serotype-specific pneumococcal IgG antibody concentrations were measured at baseline and 28 days after complete vaccination. The primary end point was the proportion of children who achieved serotype-specific IgG antibody concentration at a cut off level ≥0.35 μg/mL. Secondary end points were a 4-fold increase in serotype-specific IgG antibody, rates of adverse events and predictors for seroconversion among HIV-infected children. Results: Fifty-nine HIV-infected and 30 HIV-exposed children were enrolled. The median (IQR) age was 97 (67-111) and 61 months (51-73), respectively (p < 0.001). Among HIV-infected children, current and nadir CD4 counts were 1079cell/mm 3 and 461cell/mm 3 , respectively. The proportion of children who achieved pneumococcal IgG ≥0.35μg/mL was in the range of 85-98% in HIV-infected and 83-100% in HIV-exposed children depending on serotype. The lowest response was to serotype 6B in both groups. The 4-fold increase in serotype-specific IgG concentrations was similar between HIV-infected and HIV-exposed groups, except for serotype 9V (p=0.027). HIV-infected children who had a history of AIDS had a lower antibody response to serotype 23F (p=0.025). Seven (12%) HIV-infected children had a grade 3 local reaction. Conclusion: PCV-7 is highly immunogenic and safe among HIV-infected children treated with HAART. The use of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine among HIV-infected children is encouraged in order to prevent IPD. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.