Effect of Thermal Processing on the Release of Beta Casomorphins-7 during simulated in-vitro Digestion of A1 and A2 Milk
Issued Date
2026-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
23056622
eISSN
23063599
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105031824909
Journal Title
International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences
Volume
15
Issue
1
Start Page
151
End Page
158
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences Vol.15 No.1 (2026) , 151-158
Suggested Citation
Singh S., Thuanthong A., Mann B., Hooda A., Sharma R., Bajaj R., Agarwal A., Tripathi A.D., Rai H.K., Koirala P., Nirmal N. Effect of Thermal Processing on the Release of Beta Casomorphins-7 during simulated in-vitro Digestion of A1 and A2 Milk. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences Vol.15 No.1 (2026) , 151-158. 158. doi:10.47278/journal.ijab/2025.144 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/115641
Title
Effect of Thermal Processing on the Release of Beta Casomorphins-7 during simulated in-vitro Digestion of A1 and A2 Milk
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The study evaluated the influence of genetic variants and thermal processing on the release of β-casomorphins-7 (BCM-7) during simulated in-vitro digestion. Cross-bred Karan Fries bovine animals were segregated into A1A1 and A2A2 genotypes for the procurement of pure A1 and A2 milk. BCM-7-like peptides were detected only after gastrointestinal digestion from both genotypes, using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The concentration of these peptides was 74-146ng/mL in digestive extracts of A2 variants, which was significantly lower than 900-1612 ng/mL in A1 variants. Pasteurization led to a reduction in peptide levels to 46-79ng/mL and 340-1132ng/mL in extracts from A2 and A1 variants, respectively. Upon sterilization, a marked decrease in peptide formation was observed, 84.79% in A1 and 84.56% in A2 milk. This indicated a strong negative correlation between heat severity and BCM-7-like peptide formation. Mass spectrometry analysis of selected RP-HPLC fractions confirmed the presence of BCM-7-like peptides in both variants, with a higher specificity toward histidine at position 67 compared to proline.