Publication: In vivo susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in Binh Phuoc Province, Vietnam
Issued Date
2012-10-30
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ISSN
14752875
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2-s2.0-84867838240
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Malaria Journal. Vol.11, (2012)
Suggested Citation
Tran Tinh Hien, Nguyen Thanh Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen Hoan Phu, MacIej F. Boni, Ngo Viet Thanh, Nguyen Thuy Nha-Ca, Le Hong Thai, Cao Quang Thai, Pham Van Toi, Phung Duc Thuan, Le Thanh Long, Le Thanh Dong, Laura Merson, Christiane Dolecek, Kasia Stepniewska, Pascal Ringwald, Nicholas J. White, Jeremy Farrar, Marcel Wolbers In vivo susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in Binh Phuoc Province, Vietnam. Malaria Journal. Vol.11, (2012). doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-355 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/14251
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Title
In vivo susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in Binh Phuoc Province, Vietnam
Author(s)
Tran Tinh Hien
Nguyen Thanh Thuy-Nhien
Nguyen Hoan Phu
MacIej F. Boni
Ngo Viet Thanh
Nguyen Thuy Nha-Ca
Le Hong Thai
Cao Quang Thai
Pham Van Toi
Phung Duc Thuan
Le Thanh Long
Le Thanh Dong
Laura Merson
Christiane Dolecek
Kasia Stepniewska
Pascal Ringwald
Nicholas J. White
Jeremy Farrar
Marcel Wolbers
Nguyen Thanh Thuy-Nhien
Nguyen Hoan Phu
MacIej F. Boni
Ngo Viet Thanh
Nguyen Thuy Nha-Ca
Le Hong Thai
Cao Quang Thai
Pham Van Toi
Phung Duc Thuan
Le Thanh Long
Le Thanh Dong
Laura Merson
Christiane Dolecek
Kasia Stepniewska
Pascal Ringwald
Nicholas J. White
Jeremy Farrar
Marcel Wolbers
Abstract
Background: By 2009, there were worrying signs from western Cambodia that parasitological responses to artesunate-containing treatment regimens for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria were slower than elsewhere which suggested the emergence of artemisinin resistance. Vietnam shares a long land border with Cambodia with a large number of migrants crossing it on a daily basis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate whether there is any evidence of a change in the parasitological response to the artemisinin derivatives in Vietnam. Methods. From August 2010 to May 2011, a randomized controlled clinical trial in uncomplicated falciparum malaria was conducted to compare two doses of artesunate (AS) (2mg/kg/day versus 4 mg/kg/day for three days) followed by dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) and a control arm of DHA-PPQ. The goal was characterization of the current efficacy of artesunate in southern Vietnam. The primary endpoint of this study was the parasite clearance half-life; secondary endpoints included the parasite reduction ratios at 24 and 48 hours and the parasite clearance time. Results: 166 patients were recruited into the study. The median parasite clearance half-lives were 3.54 (AS 2mg/kg), 2.72 (AS 4mg/kg), and 2.98 hours (DHA-PPQ) (p=0.19). The median parasite-reduction ratio at 24 hours was 48 in the AS 2mg/kg group compared with 212 and 113 in the other two groups, respectively (p=0.02). The proportions of patients with a parasite clearance time of > 72 hours for AS 2mg/kg, AS 4mg/kg and DHA-PPQ were 27%, 27%, and 22%, respectively. Early treatment failure occurred in two (4%) and late clinical failure occurred in one (2%) of the 55 patients in the AS 2mg/kg group, as compared with none in the other two study arms. The PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (APCR) rates in the three groups were 94%, 100%, and 100% (p=0.04). Conclusions: This study demonstrated faster P. falciparum parasite clearance in southern Vietnam than in western Cambodia but slower clearance in comparison with historical data from Vietnam. Further studies to determine whether this represents the emergence of artemisinin resistance in this area are needed. Currently, the therapeutic response to DHA-PPQ remains satisfactory in southern Vietnam. © 2012 Hien et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.