Publication: Poor efficacy of antimalarial biguanide-dapsone combinations in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria in Thailand
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Issued Date
1997-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
00034983
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-0030972041
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. Vol.91, No.2 (1997), 125-132
Suggested Citation
P. Wilairatana, D. E. Kyle, S. Looareesuwan, K. Chinwongprom, S. Amradee, N. J. White, W. M. Watkins Poor efficacy of antimalarial biguanide-dapsone combinations in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria in Thailand. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. Vol.91, No.2 (1997), 125-132. doi:10.1080/00034983.1997.11813121 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/17990
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Title
Poor efficacy of antimalarial biguanide-dapsone combinations in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria in Thailand
Abstract
Combinations of dapsone with proguanil or chlorproguanil have proved effective in the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Africa and for prophylaxis in Asia. These combinations have not been used for treatment in areas with multi-drug-resistant parasites such as in Thailand. Combinations of dapsone (approximately 4 mg/kg) plus either proguanil (approximately 8 mg/kg; DP regimen; N = 10) or chlorproguanil (approximately 1.4 mg/kg; DC regimen; N = 16) were given once a day for 3 days to adult Thai patients with acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria. The two regimens were well tolerated and had no side-effects, but the cure rates, assessed at 28-day follow-up, were only 10% for DP (60% with RI response and 30% with RII) and 14% for DC (29% with RI response and 57% with RII). The mean (S.D.) fever-clearance times in those patients who were cured (S) or whose infections recrudesced (RI response) were 103 (56) h for those given DP and 90 (42) h for those given DC. The corresponding parasite-clearance times were 83 (46) for DP and 53 (21) h for DC. In-vitro susceptibility testing of isolates obtained both before treatment and at recrudescence demonstrated marked resistance to cycloguanil, dapsone, chloroquine and mefloquine. The results demonstrate that short-course treatment with dapsone plus either proguanil or chloproguanil is ineffective for the treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand.