Publication: A review of the frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 artemisinin resistance mutations in Africa
1
Issued Date
2021-08-01
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ISSN
22113207
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2-s2.0-85108099892
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance. Vol.16, (2021), 155-161
Suggested Citation
Leonard Ndwiga, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Kevin Wamae, Victor Osoti, Mercy Akinyi, Irene Omedo, Deus S. Ishengoma, Nancy Duah-Quashie, Ben Andagalu, Anita Ghansah, Alfred Amambua-Ngwa, Stephen Tukwasibwe, Sofonias K. Tessema, Corine Karema, Abdoulaye A. Djimde, Arjen M. Dondorp, Jaishree Raman, Robert W. Snow, Philip Bejon, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier A review of the frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 artemisinin resistance mutations in Africa. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance. Vol.16, (2021), 155-161. doi:10.1016/j.ijpddr.2021.06.001 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/77249
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Title
A review of the frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 artemisinin resistance mutations in Africa
Author(s)
Leonard Ndwiga
Kelvin M. Kimenyi
Kevin Wamae
Victor Osoti
Mercy Akinyi
Irene Omedo
Deus S. Ishengoma
Nancy Duah-Quashie
Ben Andagalu
Anita Ghansah
Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
Stephen Tukwasibwe
Sofonias K. Tessema
Corine Karema
Abdoulaye A. Djimde
Arjen M. Dondorp
Jaishree Raman
Robert W. Snow
Philip Bejon
Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier
Kelvin M. Kimenyi
Kevin Wamae
Victor Osoti
Mercy Akinyi
Irene Omedo
Deus S. Ishengoma
Nancy Duah-Quashie
Ben Andagalu
Anita Ghansah
Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
Stephen Tukwasibwe
Sofonias K. Tessema
Corine Karema
Abdoulaye A. Djimde
Arjen M. Dondorp
Jaishree Raman
Robert W. Snow
Philip Bejon
Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier
Other Contributor(s)
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
Medical Research Council Laboratories Gambia
National Institute for Medical Research Tanga
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories Nairobi
University of Nairobi
National Museums of Kenya
Universitat Basel
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
University of Ghana
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Nuffield Department of Medicine
University of Sciences
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
Quality and Equity Health Care
National Institute for Communicable Disease
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
Medical Research Council Laboratories Gambia
National Institute for Medical Research Tanga
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories Nairobi
University of Nairobi
National Museums of Kenya
Universitat Basel
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
University of Ghana
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Nuffield Department of Medicine
University of Sciences
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
Quality and Equity Health Care
National Institute for Communicable Disease
Abstract
Artemisinin resistance (AR) emerged in South East Asia 13 years ago and the identification of the resistance conferring molecular marker, Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 (Pfk13), 7 years ago has provided an invaluable tool for monitoring AR in malaria endemic countries. Molecular Pfk13 surveillance revealed the resistance foci in the Greater Mekong Subregion, an independent emergence in Guyana, South America, and a low frequency of mutations in Africa. The recent identification of the R561H Pfk13 AR associated mutation in Tanzania, Uganda and in Rwanda, where it has been associated with delayed parasite clearance, should be a concern for the continent. In this review, we provide a summary of Pfk13 resistance associated propeller domain mutation frequencies across Africa from 2012 to 2020, to examine how many other countries have identified these mutations. Only four African countries reported a recent identification of the M476I, P553L, R561H, P574L, C580Y and A675V Pfk13 mutations at low frequencies and with no reports of clinical treatment failure, except for Rwanda. These mutations present a threat to malaria control across the continent, since the greatest burden of malaria remains in Africa. A rise in the frequency of these mutations and their spread would reverse the gains made in the reduction of malaria over the last 20 years, given the lack of new antimalarial treatments in the event artemisinin-based combination therapies fail. The review highlights the frequency of Pfk13 propeller domain mutations across Africa, providing an up-to-date perspective of Pfk13 mutations, and appeals for an urgent and concerted effort to monitoring antimalarial resistance markers in Africa and the efficacy of antimalarials by re-establishing sentinel surveillance systems.