Ethanolic Cashew Leaf Extract: Antimicrobial Activity, Mode of Action, and Retardation of Spoilage Bacteria in Refrigerated Nile Tilapia Slices
1
Issued Date
2022-11-01
Resource Type
eISSN
23048158
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85141686141
Journal Title
Foods
Volume
11
Issue
21
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Foods Vol.11 No.21 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Sinlapapanya P., Sumpavapol P., Nirmal N., Zhang B., Hong H., Benjakul S. Ethanolic Cashew Leaf Extract: Antimicrobial Activity, Mode of Action, and Retardation of Spoilage Bacteria in Refrigerated Nile Tilapia Slices. Foods Vol.11 No.21 (2022). doi:10.3390/foods11213461 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/83104
Title
Ethanolic Cashew Leaf Extract: Antimicrobial Activity, Mode of Action, and Retardation of Spoilage Bacteria in Refrigerated Nile Tilapia Slices
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Phenolic compounds from cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) leaves were extracted using ethanol with the aid of ultrasonication. Three independent variables, including ultrasound amplitude, time, and ethanol concentration, were used for response surface methodology (RSM) along with the central composite design (CCD). Under the optimized condition (70% amplitude; 40 min; 80% ethanol), the extraction yield and total phenolic contents were 24.50% and 431.16 mg GAE/g dry extract, respectively. Cashew leaf extract (CLE) had the lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Shewanella sp. than P. aeruginosa. The release of K+ and Mg2+ ions from damaged cell membranes with a coincidental decrease of TTC dehydrogenase activity were augmented when treated with CLE. In addition, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) image revealed deformations and perforation of cell walls of bacteria treated with CLE. The dominant compounds in CLE were amentoflavone, quercetin, and its glycosides. Based on microbial challenge test, the growth of P. aeruginosa and Shewanella sp. inoculated in tilapia slices were inhibited by CLE at 400 and 600 ppm within 15 days of refrigerated storage.