First study on molecular detection of three major canine tick-borne pathogens in subclinically infected dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand
1
Issued Date
2022-04-01
Resource Type
ISSN
09728988
eISSN
22310916
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85130301345
Journal Title
Veterinary World
Volume
15
Issue
4
Start Page
1121
End Page
1128
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Veterinary World Vol.15 No.4 (2022) , 1121-1128
Suggested Citation
Tazawa K., Poolsawat N., Gibson A.D., Gamble L., King A., Anuracpreeda P. First study on molecular detection of three major canine tick-borne pathogens in subclinically infected dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Veterinary World Vol.15 No.4 (2022) , 1121-1128. 1128. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.1121-1128 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/87083
Title
First study on molecular detection of three major canine tick-borne pathogens in subclinically infected dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Canine tick-borne pathogens (CTBPs) are an important cause of morbidity in dogs in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of three CTBPs in clinically normal, owned dogs to understand the risk for the general canine population. We also examined sex, age, tick infestation, and packed cell volume (PCV) of the animals in association with active infection of the CTBPs. Materials and Methods: A total of 139 dogs were included in the study. Blood samples were collected for thin blood smear, PCV and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Statistical analyses were performed to examine the association between individual factors and CTBP infection status determined by PCR. In addition, sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen’s kappa were calculated to assess the utility of routine blood smear. Results: The PCR results showed that 31 dogs (22.3%) were infected with at least one of the three pathogens. The occurrence rate for Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Hepatozoon canis was 2.2% (3/139), 18.7% (24/139), and 2.8% (4/139), respectively. There were two cases of coinfection with A. platys and E. canis. The univariate analyses did not yield any associations between recorded variables and the active infection. Microscopic examination showed good sensitivity and agreement only for H. canis (Sn: 75%, 95% confidence interval: 24.9-98.7, κ=0.85). Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the endemicity of the CTBPs in owned canine population in the study site. In-depth epidemiological investigation would be warranted to elucidate environmental risk factors for CTBP infection.