International prevalence patterns of low eGFR in adults aged 18-60 without traditional risk factors from a population-based cross-sectional disadvantaged populations eGFR epidemiology (DEGREE) study
Issued Date
2025-03-01
Resource Type
ISSN
00852538
eISSN
15231755
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85217170444
Pubmed ID
39708999
Journal Title
Kidney International
Volume
107
Issue
3
Start Page
541
End Page
557
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Kidney International Vol.107 No.3 (2025) , 541-557
Suggested Citation
Rutter C.E., Njoroge M., Cooper P.J., Prabhakaran D., Jha V., Kaur P., Mohan S., Tatapudi R.R., Biggeri A., Rohloff P., Hathaway M.H., Crampin A.C., Dhimal M., Poudyal A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., O'Callaghan-Gordo C., Chulasiri P., Gunawardena N., Ruwanpathirana T., Wickramasinghe S.C., Senanayake S., Kitiyakara C., Gonzalez-Quiroz M., Cortés S., Jakobsson K., Correa-Rotter R., Glaser J., Singh A., Hamilton S., Nair D., Aragón A., Nitsch D., Robertson S., Caplin B., Pearce N., Aekplakorn W., Anand S., Aragón A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Biggeri A., Burdmann E., Caplin B., Catelan D., Cooper P.J., Cortés S., Crampin A.C., de Santiago M., Dhimal M., Doccioli C., Dorevitch S., Ferreccio C., Glaser J., Gonzalez-Quiroz M., Granadillo E., Gualan M., Gummidi B., Gunawardena N., Hamilton S., Hathaway M., Jakobsson K., Jarhyan P., Jha V., John O., Johnson R.J., Kaur P., Kitiyakara C., Kongtip P., Kromhout H., Levin A., Madero M., McLean E., Miranda J.J., Mkandawire J., Mohan S., Murali S., Nair D., Nakanga W., Nitsch D., Njoroge M., Nyirenda M., O'Callaghan-Gordo C., Pearce N., Poudyal A., Prabhakaran D., Prasad N., Quirós-Alcalá L., Remuzzi G., Robertson S., Rohloff P., Romero-Sandoval N., Ruiz-Alejos A., Rutter C.E., Ruwanpathirana T., Sakthivel M., Saran R., Senanayake S., Shaw L., Singh A., Smeeth L., Sotomayor C. International prevalence patterns of low eGFR in adults aged 18-60 without traditional risk factors from a population-based cross-sectional disadvantaged populations eGFR epidemiology (DEGREE) study. Kidney International Vol.107 No.3 (2025) , 541-557. 557. doi:10.1016/j.kint.2024.11.028 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/105349
Title
International prevalence patterns of low eGFR in adults aged 18-60 without traditional risk factors from a population-based cross-sectional disadvantaged populations eGFR epidemiology (DEGREE) study
Author(s)
Rutter C.E.
Njoroge M.
Cooper P.J.
Prabhakaran D.
Jha V.
Kaur P.
Mohan S.
Tatapudi R.R.
Biggeri A.
Rohloff P.
Hathaway M.H.
Crampin A.C.
Dhimal M.
Poudyal A.
Bernabe-Ortiz A.
O'Callaghan-Gordo C.
Chulasiri P.
Gunawardena N.
Ruwanpathirana T.
Wickramasinghe S.C.
Senanayake S.
Kitiyakara C.
Gonzalez-Quiroz M.
Cortés S.
Jakobsson K.
Correa-Rotter R.
Glaser J.
Singh A.
Hamilton S.
Nair D.
Aragón A.
Nitsch D.
Robertson S.
Caplin B.
Pearce N.
Aekplakorn W.
Anand S.
Aragón A.
Bernabe-Ortiz A.
Biggeri A.
Burdmann E.
Caplin B.
Catelan D.
Cooper P.J.
Cortés S.
Crampin A.C.
de Santiago M.
Dhimal M.
Doccioli C.
Dorevitch S.
Ferreccio C.
Glaser J.
Gonzalez-Quiroz M.
Granadillo E.
Gualan M.
Gummidi B.
Gunawardena N.
Hamilton S.
Hathaway M.
Jakobsson K.
Jarhyan P.
Jha V.
John O.
Johnson R.J.
Kaur P.
Kitiyakara C.
Kongtip P.
Kromhout H.
Levin A.
Madero M.
McLean E.
Miranda J.J.
Mkandawire J.
Mohan S.
Murali S.
Nair D.
Nakanga W.
Nitsch D.
Njoroge M.
Nyirenda M.
O'Callaghan-Gordo C.
Pearce N.
Poudyal A.
Prabhakaran D.
Prasad N.
Quirós-Alcalá L.
Remuzzi G.
Robertson S.
Rohloff P.
Romero-Sandoval N.
Ruiz-Alejos A.
Rutter C.E.
Ruwanpathirana T.
Sakthivel M.
Saran R.
Senanayake S.
Shaw L.
Singh A.
Smeeth L.
Sotomayor C.
Njoroge M.
Cooper P.J.
Prabhakaran D.
Jha V.
Kaur P.
Mohan S.
Tatapudi R.R.
Biggeri A.
Rohloff P.
Hathaway M.H.
Crampin A.C.
Dhimal M.
Poudyal A.
Bernabe-Ortiz A.
O'Callaghan-Gordo C.
Chulasiri P.
Gunawardena N.
Ruwanpathirana T.
Wickramasinghe S.C.
Senanayake S.
Kitiyakara C.
Gonzalez-Quiroz M.
Cortés S.
Jakobsson K.
Correa-Rotter R.
Glaser J.
Singh A.
Hamilton S.
Nair D.
Aragón A.
Nitsch D.
Robertson S.
Caplin B.
Pearce N.
Aekplakorn W.
Anand S.
Aragón A.
Bernabe-Ortiz A.
Biggeri A.
Burdmann E.
Caplin B.
Catelan D.
Cooper P.J.
Cortés S.
Crampin A.C.
de Santiago M.
Dhimal M.
Doccioli C.
Dorevitch S.
Ferreccio C.
Glaser J.
Gonzalez-Quiroz M.
Granadillo E.
Gualan M.
Gummidi B.
Gunawardena N.
Hamilton S.
Hathaway M.
Jakobsson K.
Jarhyan P.
Jha V.
John O.
Johnson R.J.
Kaur P.
Kitiyakara C.
Kongtip P.
Kromhout H.
Levin A.
Madero M.
McLean E.
Miranda J.J.
Mkandawire J.
Mohan S.
Murali S.
Nair D.
Nakanga W.
Nitsch D.
Njoroge M.
Nyirenda M.
O'Callaghan-Gordo C.
Pearce N.
Poudyal A.
Prabhakaran D.
Prasad N.
Quirós-Alcalá L.
Remuzzi G.
Robertson S.
Rohloff P.
Romero-Sandoval N.
Ruiz-Alejos A.
Rutter C.E.
Ruwanpathirana T.
Sakthivel M.
Saran R.
Senanayake S.
Shaw L.
Singh A.
Smeeth L.
Sotomayor C.
Author's Affiliation
University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio
The Apollo University
Nepal Health Research Council
UK Health Security Agency
Prasanna School of Public Health
Ramathibodi Hospital
Public Health Foundation of India
Wuqu’ Kawoq Maya Health Alliance
CRONICAS Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades Crónicas
Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Ministry of Health Colombo
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona
The Royal Free Hospital
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
St George’s, University of London
UNSW Sydney
University of Illinois at Chicago
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Indian Council of Medical Research
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
University College London
Università degli Studi di Firenze
Imperial College Faculty of Medicine
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
National University of Singapore
Göteborgs Universitet
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Imperial College London
Indian Institute of Science
Stanford University
Universidad de Chile
The University of British Columbia
Harvard University
Universidade de São Paulo
Universiteit Utrecht
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Harvard Medical School
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
University of Glasgow
Università degli Studi di Padova
George Institute
Ignacio Chavez Institute
Mahdiol University
Maya Health Alliance
National Medical Science and Nutrition Institute Salvador Zubiran
Indian Institute of Science
La Isla Network
Health Services Laboratories
Colorado University
The Apollo University
Nepal Health Research Council
UK Health Security Agency
Prasanna School of Public Health
Ramathibodi Hospital
Public Health Foundation of India
Wuqu’ Kawoq Maya Health Alliance
CRONICAS Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades Crónicas
Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Ministry of Health Colombo
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona
The Royal Free Hospital
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
St George’s, University of London
UNSW Sydney
University of Illinois at Chicago
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Indian Council of Medical Research
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
University College London
Università degli Studi di Firenze
Imperial College Faculty of Medicine
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
National University of Singapore
Göteborgs Universitet
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Imperial College London
Indian Institute of Science
Stanford University
Universidad de Chile
The University of British Columbia
Harvard University
Universidade de São Paulo
Universiteit Utrecht
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Harvard Medical School
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
University of Glasgow
Università degli Studi di Padova
George Institute
Ignacio Chavez Institute
Mahdiol University
Maya Health Alliance
National Medical Science and Nutrition Institute Salvador Zubiran
Indian Institute of Science
La Isla Network
Health Services Laboratories
Colorado University
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The disadvantaged populations eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) epidemiology (DEGREE) study was designed to gain insight into the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of undetermined cause (CKDu) using standard protocols to estimate the general-population prevalence of low eGFR internationally. Therefore, we estimated the age-standardized prevalence of eGFR under 60 ml/min per 1.73m2 in adults aged 18-60, excluding participants with commonly known causes of CKD; an ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio) over 300 mg/g or equivalent, or self-reported or measured (HT) hypertension or (DM) diabetes mellitus, stratified by sex and location. We included population-representative surveys conducted around the world that were either designed to estimate CKDu burden or were re-analyses of large surveys. There were 60,964 participants from 43 areas across 14 countries, with data collected 2007- 2023. The highest prevalence was seen in rural men in Uddanam, India (14%) and Northwest Nicaragua (14%). Prevalence above 5% was generally only observed in rural men, with exceptions for rural women in Ecuador (6%) and parts of Uddanam (6%‒8%), and for urban men in Leon, Nicaragua (7%). Outside of Central America and South Asia, prevalence was below 2%. Our observations represent the first attempts to estimate the prevalence of eGFR under 60 without commonly known causes of CKD around the world, as an estimate of CKDu burden, and provide a starting point for global monitoring. It is not yet clear what drives the differences, but available evidence supports a high general-population burden of CKDu in multiple areas within Central America and South Asia, although the possibility that unidentified clusters of disease may exist elsewhere cannot be excluded.