Publication:
Identification of the asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax gametocyte reservoir under different transmission intensities

Issued Date

2021-08-01

Resource Type

Article

ISSN

19352735
19352727

DOI

10.1371/journal.pntd.0009672

Other identifier(s)

2-s2.0-85114108652

Rights

Mahidol University

Rights Holder(s)

SCOPUS

Bibliographic Citation

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. Vol.15, No.8 (2021)

Suggested Citation

Cristian Koepfli, Wang Nguitragool, Anne Cristine Gomes de Almeida, Andrea Kuehn, Andreea Waltmann, Eline Kattenberg, Maria Ome-Kaius, Patricia Rarau, Thomas Obadia, James Kazura, Wuelton Monteiro, Andrew W. Darcy, Lyndes Wini, Quique Bassat, Ingrid Felger, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Leanne J. Robinson, Marcus Lacerda, Ivo Mueller Identification of the asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax gametocyte reservoir under different transmission intensities. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. Vol.15, No.8 (2021). doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009672 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/77982

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Title

Identification of the asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax gametocyte reservoir under different transmission intensities

Author(s)

Cristian Koepfli
 Wang Nguitragool
 Anne Cristine Gomes de Almeida
 Andrea Kuehn
 Andreea Waltmann
 Eline Kattenberg
 Maria Ome-Kaius
 Patricia Rarau
 Thomas Obadia
 James Kazura
 Wuelton Monteiro
 Andrew W. Darcy
 Lyndes Wini
 Quique Bassat
 Ingrid Felger
 Jetsumon Sattabongkot
 Leanne J. Robinson
 Marcus Lacerda
 Ivo Mueller

Other Contributor(s)

Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
 Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research
 Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
 University of Melbourne
 Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
 University of Notre Dame
 CASE School of Medicine
 Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
 Institut Pasteur, Paris
 Universitat de Barcelona
 Ministry of Health
 Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM)
 Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado

Abstract

Background Understanding epidemiological variables affecting gametocyte carriage and density is essential to design interventions that most effectively reduce malaria human-to-mosquito transmission. Methodology/Principal findings Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax parasites and gametocytes were quantified by qPCR and RT-qPCR assays using the same methodologies in 5 cross-sectional surveys involving 16,493 individuals in Brazil, Thailand, Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands. The pro-portion of infections with detectable gametocytes per survey ranged from 44–94% for P. fal-ciparum and from 23–72% for P. vivax. Blood-stage parasite density was the most important predictor of the probability to detect gametocytes. In moderate transmission settings (prevalence by qPCR>5%), parasite density decreased with age and the majority of gametocyte carriers were children. In low transmission settings (prevalence<5%), >65% of gametocyte carriers were adults. Per survey, 37–100% of all individuals positive for gameto-cytes by RT-qPCR were positive by light microscopy for asexual stages or gametocytes (overall: P. falciparum 178/348, P. vivax 235/398). Conclusions/Significance Interventions to reduce human-to-mosquito malaria transmission in moderate-high endemicity settings will have the greatest impact when children are targeted. In contrast, all age groups need to be included in control activities in low endemicity settings to achieve elimination. Detection of infections by light microscopy is a valuable tool to identify asymp-tomatic blood stage infections that likely contribute most to ongoing transmission at the time of sampling.

Keyword(s)

Medicine

Availability

URI

https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/77982

Collections

Scopus 2021