The Effect of a Booster Dose mRNA Vaccine on COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients after Inactivated or Viral Vector Vaccine Immunization
Issued Date
2022-10-01
Resource Type
eISSN
2076393X
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85140737590
Journal Title
Vaccines
Volume
10
Issue
10
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Vaccines Vol.10 No.10 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Thotsiri S., Sittiudomsuk R., Sutharattanapong N., Kantachuvesiri S., Wiwattanathum P. The Effect of a Booster Dose mRNA Vaccine on COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients after Inactivated or Viral Vector Vaccine Immunization. Vaccines Vol.10 No.10 (2022). doi:10.3390/vaccines10101690 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/84891
Title
The Effect of a Booster Dose mRNA Vaccine on COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients after Inactivated or Viral Vector Vaccine Immunization
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The mortality rate after novel coronavirus infection, which causes severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), is much higher in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) compared to the general population. Seroconversion after vaccination is also lower, and breakthrough infection is much higher. Many studies reported seroconversion rate after a booster (third) dose of vaccine but clinical outcomes received less attention. Here, we reported the impact of an mRNA vaccine booster dose on clinical outcomes of KTRs with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 183 KTRs with SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified. Of 183 KTRs, 146 KTRs had sufficient data for analysis and were included in this study. Forty-eight patients (32.9%) received zero to 1 doses of vaccine (Group 1), thirty-one (21.2%) received two doses (Group 2), and sixty-seven (45.9%) received a booster dose (Group 3). Pneumonia developed in 50%, 23%, and 10% in Group 1, 2, and 3 (p < 0.001). Hospital admission requirement was 81%, 48%, and 12% (p < 0.001). Mortality rate was 26%, 3%, and 3% (p = 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that only diabetes adversely affects mortality while the booster dose of the vaccine significantly reduced mortality. The booster dose of the vaccine is strongly recommended in all KTRs especially those with diabetes. Our study also suggested the timing of the booster dose vaccine to be administered within 4 months after the second dose.