Rural-urban health differences among aging adults in India
Issued Date
2024-01-15
Resource Type
ISSN
24058440
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85180097125
Journal Title
Heliyon
Volume
10
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Heliyon Vol.10 No.1 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Pengpid S., Peltzer K. Rural-urban health differences among aging adults in India. Heliyon Vol.10 No.1 (2024). doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23397 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/95727
Title
Rural-urban health differences among aging adults in India
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Corresponding Author(s)
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Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the rural-urban health differences among aging adults in India. Methods: The national cross-sectional data of 67,489 individuals (≥45 years) in 2017–2018 from 35 states and union territories of India (excluding Sikkim) in 2017–2018 were analysed. Various sociodemographic data, well-being indicators, lifestyle factors and physical conditions were assessed by face-to-face interviews and physical measurement. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was utilized to assess the predictors between residence status (rural dweller, urban migrant, and urban dweller) and various health indicator outcomes. Results: Majority (70.4 %) of the participants lived in rural areas, 10.3 % were urban migrants and 19.3 % urban dwellers. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, urban migrants and urban dwellers had a higher self-rated health status, cognitive functioning, physical inactivity, overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity than rural dwellers, while urban migrants and/or urban dwellers had lower functional disability, insomnia symptoms, current smokeless tobacco use, current smoking, heavy episodic drinking and underweight than rural dwellers. Furthermore, urban migrants and/or urban dwellers had higher odds of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, high cholesterol than rural dwellers, while urban migrants and/or urban dwellers had lower odds of persistent headaches, major injury, recurrent fall, physical pain, periodontal disease, vision impairment, and gastrointestinal problems than rural dwellers. Conclusion: Among 30 health indicators assessed, 16 had an urban migrant and/or urban dweller advantage, 8 had urban migrant and/or urban dweller penalty, and 6 did not differ between rural-urban groups. Public health promotion and health care should address differing health care needs of rural and urban middle-aged and older adults.