Changes in plasma enzymes and electrolytes of long distance runners after 10,000 M competition

Abstract

Investigation of hepatic (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT and glutamic pyruvic transamianase, GPT) and muscular (total creatine phosphokinase, T.CPK; total lactate dehydrogenase, T.LDH and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes, LDH-1 to LDH-5) enzymes and electrolytes (Na+, Ca+ and Cl- and plasma concentration) of long distance runners was caried out before and after 10,000 m competition during National Games of College of Physical Education, 1989. A total of 10 sedentary subjects volunteered to participate as control group to 6 long distance runners. All subjects had a range in age of 18-22 years, weight of 49.0-69.0 kg and height of 156-182 cm. There were significant difference in physical characteristics; Vo2max (38.48±1.40 ml/kg/min), % FAT (18.07±0.95%), vital capacity 3237.53±110.71 ml), forward flexibility (7.60±2.27 cm), vertical jump (51.80±2.18 cml, and heart rate (80.60±2.23 beats/min) of the control group compared with the athletic group; VO2max (57.36±3.60 ml/kg/min), % Fat (7.78±0.61%), viatal capacity (2871.63±66.71 ml), forward flexibility (16.25±0.92 cm), vertical jump (45.75±2.05 cm), and heart rate (56.33±3.85 beats/min), P<0.001 and P<0.05. No change in grip strength, leg strength, and averaged blood pressure between the control group and the athletic group. These results suggest that 10,000 m competition during 7.00-8.00 pm in ambient temperature of 27.5 degree C and relative humidity of 59% induces no significant change in activity of GPT, LDH-l, LDH-2 and plansma concentrations of Na(+), Ca(+) and osmolarity between pre-race of athletic group (24.50±2.11 SFU/L, 57.96±9.58 U/L, 67.92±7.50 U/L, 172.33±3.94 mEq/L, 5.45±1.26 mg/dl, and 318.58±2.90 mOsmol, respectively) and post-race of athletic group (27.17±2.65 SFU/L, 76.69±8.26 U/L, 90.83±9.20 U/L, 163.34±10.13 mEq/l, 3.51±0.33 mg/dl, and 321.58±9.40 mOsmol, respectively). Significant rises were noted in T.CPK, T.LDH, LDH-3, LDH-4, LDH-5 K(+) and Cl(-) in the pre-race of athletic group (219.17±40.48 U/L, 211.33±20.93 U/L, 24.66±2.78 SFU/L, 42.10±3.40 U/L 24.00±1.89 U/L, 19,36±1.54 U/L, 4.26±0.41 mEq/L, and 93.56±1.80 mEq/L, respectively) compared with the post-race of athletic group (354.50±79.52 U/L 305.67±28.16 U/L, 43.17±2.04 SFU/L,67.13±7.67 U/L, 41.82±3.31 U/L, 29.16±3.77 U/L, 5.92±0.22 mEq/L, and 109.85±2.40 mEq/L respectively) P<0.001 and P<0.05. This finding shows that Increase leakage of certain muscular enzymes sucy as T.CPK, T.LDH-4, and LDH-5, and general tissues such as GOT which may probably due to dysfunction of plasma membrane and/or damage of muscle cells.