Performance of quantitative point-of-care tests to measure G6PD activity: An individual participant data meta-analysis
Issued Date
2025-03-01
Resource Type
eISSN
19352735
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105002105455
Pubmed ID
40132008
Journal Title
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
Volume
19
Issue
3
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.19 No.3 (2025) , e0012864
Suggested Citation
Sadhewa A., Satyagraha A.W., Alam M.S., Adissu W., Anvikar A., Bancone G., Bharti P.K., Bhutani V.K., Das S., Hamid M.M.A., Hossain M.S., Nitika N., Okech B.A., Panggalo L.V., Talukdar A., von Fricken M.E., Wong R.J., Yilma D., Price R.N., Thriemer K., Ley B. Performance of quantitative point-of-care tests to measure G6PD activity: An individual participant data meta-analysis. PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.19 No.3 (2025) , e0012864. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012864 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/109515
Title
Performance of quantitative point-of-care tests to measure G6PD activity: An individual participant data meta-analysis
Author's Affiliation
F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
Institute of Endemic Diseases Sudan
Jimma University
Stanford University School of Medicine
Menzies School of Health Research
National Institute of Malaria Research India
University of Florida
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh
Nuffield Department of Medicine
National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases India
Medical College Kolkata
Exeins Health Initiative
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
Institute of Endemic Diseases Sudan
Jimma University
Stanford University School of Medicine
Menzies School of Health Research
National Institute of Malaria Research India
University of Florida
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh
Nuffield Department of Medicine
National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases India
Medical College Kolkata
Exeins Health Initiative
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the main risk factor for severe haemolysis following treatment with 8-aminoquinolines (8AQ). The World Health Organization recommends G6PD testing prior to 8AQ-based hypnozoitocidal treatment. METHODS: We undertook an individual level meta-analysis of the performance of commercially available quantitative point-of-care diagnostics (PoCs) compared with reference spectrophotometry. A systematic literature search (PROSPERO: CRD42022330733) identified 595 articles of which 16 (2.7%) fulfilled pre-defined inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis, plus an additional 4 datasets. In total there were 12,678 paired measurements analyzed, 10,446 (82.4%) by STANDARD G6PD Test (SD Biosensor, RoK, [SDB]), 2,042 (16.1%) by CareStart G6PD Biosensor (AccessBio, USA, [CSA]), 150 (1.2%) by CareStart Biosensor (WellsBio, RoK [CSW]), and 40 (0.3%) by FINDER (Baebies, USA, [FBA]). FINDINGS: The pooled sensitivities of the SDB when measuring G6PD activity <30% of normal were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-0.89) for capillary and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.75-0.99) for venous blood samples. The corresponding values for measuring <70% G6PD activity were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.67-0.99) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.73-0.96), respectively. The pooled specificity of the SDB was high (>96%) for all blood samples and G6PD activity thresholds. Irrespective of the blood samples and thresholds applied, sensitivity of the CSA did not exceed 62%, although specificity remained high at both 30% and 70% thresholds (>88%). Only one study each for CSW and FBA was included. Sensitivities of the CSW were 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.14) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.71-0.89) at the 30% and 70% thresholds, respectively (venous blood samples). Sensitivities of the FBA were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.29-1.00) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.19-0.99) at the 30% and 70% thresholds (venous blood samples). Specificities of the CSW and FBA were consistently high (>90%) at both thresholds. Accuracy of the SDB was higher in females at the 30% cut-off (OR: 3.49, p=0.002) and lower in malaria patients at the 70% cut-off (OR: 0.59, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The SDB performed better than other PoCs. More evidence was available for the performance of the SDB compared to other PoCs, giving higher confidence in its utility in diagnosing G6PD deficiency.