ผลของโปรแกรมการป้องกันการตั้งครรภ์ในวัยรุ่นหญิง

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a pregnancy prevention program for female adolescents on knowledge of pregnancy prevention in adolescents, attitudes toward pregnancy prevention, self-efficacy toward pregnancy prevention, and pregnancy prevention behavior. By application of the IMB model, duration of this program was 5 weeks. Samples were female secondary school students selected by simple random sampling. There were thirty two students in each of the experimental group and the comparison group. Data collection was done by self-administered questionnaires including knowledge of pregnancy prevention, attitudes toward pregnancy prevention, self-efficacy toward pregnancy prevention, and pregnancy prevention behaviors. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, and Repeated Measure ANOVA were employed for data analyses. Results reveal that the experimental group had greater mean scores of knowledge of pregnancy prevention and self-efficacy toward pregnancy prevention at post-test than those at pre-test (p<.001 and .001, respectively). At follow-up, the experimental group had greater mean scores of knowledge of pregnancy prevention, self-efficacy toward pregnancy prevention, and pregnancy prevention behaviors than those at pre- test (p<.001, .016 , and <.001 , respectively). Comparison between groups reveal the higher score of knowledge of pregnancy prevention in the experimental group than those of the comparison group, both at posttest (p<.001) and at follow-up (p<.001) and pregnancy prevention behaviors than those of the comparison group at follow-up (p<.001). However, no significant difference between groups was found on the self-efficacy toward pregnancy prevention and attitudes toward pregnancy prevention (p>.05). This pregnancy prevention program, by providing information, motivation and behavioral skills, could increase proper pregnancy prevention behaviors among female adolescents. Further program activities should adjust motivation activities to raise awareness on pregnancy prevention, which could enhance attitude and might further reduce incidence of teenage pregnancy.