Methodology for the Development of the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)-EAACI 2024–2025 Guidelines: From Evidence-to-Decision Frameworks to Digitalised Shared Decision-Making Algorithms
10
Issued Date
2026-02-01
Resource Type
ISSN
01054538
eISSN
13989995
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105029024197
Pubmed ID
41268627
Journal Title
Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Volume
81
Issue
2
Start Page
427
End Page
453
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Vol.81 No.2 (2026) , 427-453
Suggested Citation
Bousquet J., Sousa-Pinto B., Vieira R.J., Schünemann H.J., Zuberbier T., Bognanni A., Togias A., Samolinski B., Valiulis A., Williams S., Bedbrook A., Czarlewski W., Torres M.J., Shamji M.H., Morais-Almeida M., Canonica G.W., Vecillas L.d.l., Dykewicz M.S., Jacomelli C., Klimek L., Leemann L., Lourenço O., Palamarchuk Y., Papadopoulos N.G., Pereira A.M., Savouré M., Toppila-Salmi S.K., Ventura M.T., Yepes-Nuñez J.J., Cruz A.A., Ciprandi G., Gemicioglu B., Giovannini M., Gradauskiene B., Jartti T., Jeseňák M., Kuna P., Kvedariene V., Larenas-Linnemann D.E., Latiff A.H.A., Mohammad Y., Ohta K., Mahesh P.A., Pali-Schöll I., Pfaar O., Regateiro F.S., Roche N., Sofiev M., Taborda-Barata L., Ulrik C.S., Rostan M.V., Viegi G., Zhang L., Antó J.M., Haahtela T., Cherrez-Ojeda I., Ivancevich J.C., Khaltaev N., Yorgancioglu A., Abdullah B., Al-Ahmad M., Al-Nesf M.A., Amaral R., Asllani J., Bergmann K.C., Bernstein J.A., Blaiss M.S., Braido F., Camargos P., Carreiro-Martins P., Casale T., Cecchi L., Fiocchi A.G., Giuliano A.F.M., Christoff G., Cirule I., Correia-de-Sousa J., Costa E.M., Del Giacco S., Devillier P., Dokic D., Hossny E., Iinuma T., Irani C., Ispayeva Z., Julge K., Kaidashev I., Bennoor K.S., Kraxner H., Kull I., Kulus M., Kupczyk M., Kurchenko A., La Grutta S., Miculinic N., Tuyet L.L.T., Makris M., Milenkovic B., Lee S.M., Montefort S. Methodology for the Development of the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)-EAACI 2024–2025 Guidelines: From Evidence-to-Decision Frameworks to Digitalised Shared Decision-Making Algorithms. Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Vol.81 No.2 (2026) , 427-453. 453. doi:10.1111/all.70100 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/114886
Title
Methodology for the Development of the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)-EAACI 2024–2025 Guidelines: From Evidence-to-Decision Frameworks to Digitalised Shared Decision-Making Algorithms
Author(s)
Bousquet J.
Sousa-Pinto B.
Vieira R.J.
Schünemann H.J.
Zuberbier T.
Bognanni A.
Togias A.
Samolinski B.
Valiulis A.
Williams S.
Bedbrook A.
Czarlewski W.
Torres M.J.
Shamji M.H.
Morais-Almeida M.
Canonica G.W.
Vecillas L.d.l.
Dykewicz M.S.
Jacomelli C.
Klimek L.
Leemann L.
Lourenço O.
Palamarchuk Y.
Papadopoulos N.G.
Pereira A.M.
Savouré M.
Toppila-Salmi S.K.
Ventura M.T.
Yepes-Nuñez J.J.
Cruz A.A.
Ciprandi G.
Gemicioglu B.
Giovannini M.
Gradauskiene B.
Jartti T.
Jeseňák M.
Kuna P.
Kvedariene V.
Larenas-Linnemann D.E.
Latiff A.H.A.
Mohammad Y.
Ohta K.
Mahesh P.A.
Pali-Schöll I.
Pfaar O.
Regateiro F.S.
Roche N.
Sofiev M.
Taborda-Barata L.
Ulrik C.S.
Rostan M.V.
Viegi G.
Zhang L.
Antó J.M.
Haahtela T.
Cherrez-Ojeda I.
Ivancevich J.C.
Khaltaev N.
Yorgancioglu A.
Abdullah B.
Al-Ahmad M.
Al-Nesf M.A.
Amaral R.
Asllani J.
Bergmann K.C.
Bernstein J.A.
Blaiss M.S.
Braido F.
Camargos P.
Carreiro-Martins P.
Casale T.
Cecchi L.
Fiocchi A.G.
Giuliano A.F.M.
Christoff G.
Cirule I.
Correia-de-Sousa J.
Costa E.M.
Del Giacco S.
Devillier P.
Dokic D.
Hossny E.
Iinuma T.
Irani C.
Ispayeva Z.
Julge K.
Kaidashev I.
Bennoor K.S.
Kraxner H.
Kull I.
Kulus M.
Kupczyk M.
Kurchenko A.
La Grutta S.
Miculinic N.
Tuyet L.L.T.
Makris M.
Milenkovic B.
Lee S.M.
Montefort S.
Sousa-Pinto B.
Vieira R.J.
Schünemann H.J.
Zuberbier T.
Bognanni A.
Togias A.
Samolinski B.
Valiulis A.
Williams S.
Bedbrook A.
Czarlewski W.
Torres M.J.
Shamji M.H.
Morais-Almeida M.
Canonica G.W.
Vecillas L.d.l.
Dykewicz M.S.
Jacomelli C.
Klimek L.
Leemann L.
Lourenço O.
Palamarchuk Y.
Papadopoulos N.G.
Pereira A.M.
Savouré M.
Toppila-Salmi S.K.
Ventura M.T.
Yepes-Nuñez J.J.
Cruz A.A.
Ciprandi G.
Gemicioglu B.
Giovannini M.
Gradauskiene B.
Jartti T.
Jeseňák M.
Kuna P.
Kvedariene V.
Larenas-Linnemann D.E.
Latiff A.H.A.
Mohammad Y.
Ohta K.
Mahesh P.A.
Pali-Schöll I.
Pfaar O.
Regateiro F.S.
Roche N.
Sofiev M.
Taborda-Barata L.
Ulrik C.S.
Rostan M.V.
Viegi G.
Zhang L.
Antó J.M.
Haahtela T.
Cherrez-Ojeda I.
Ivancevich J.C.
Khaltaev N.
Yorgancioglu A.
Abdullah B.
Al-Ahmad M.
Al-Nesf M.A.
Amaral R.
Asllani J.
Bergmann K.C.
Bernstein J.A.
Blaiss M.S.
Braido F.
Camargos P.
Carreiro-Martins P.
Casale T.
Cecchi L.
Fiocchi A.G.
Giuliano A.F.M.
Christoff G.
Cirule I.
Correia-de-Sousa J.
Costa E.M.
Del Giacco S.
Devillier P.
Dokic D.
Hossny E.
Iinuma T.
Irani C.
Ispayeva Z.
Julge K.
Kaidashev I.
Bennoor K.S.
Kraxner H.
Kull I.
Kulus M.
Kupczyk M.
Kurchenko A.
La Grutta S.
Miculinic N.
Tuyet L.L.T.
Makris M.
Milenkovic B.
Lee S.M.
Montefort S.
Author's Affiliation
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Københavns Universitet
Université Paris-Saclay
Karolinska Institutet
Uppsala Universitet
McMaster University
Universität Zürich
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Università degli Studi di Firenze
Universidade do Porto
AP-HP Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Università degli Studi di Genova
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
University of South Florida, Tampa
Chiba University
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Itä-Suomen yliopisto
Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave
Medical University of Warsaw
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Tartu Ülikool
Medical College of Georgia
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona
Universitätsmedizin Mainz
Universidade Federal da Bahia
Vilniaus Universitetas
IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital
Semmelweis Egyetem
Kuwait University
Saint Louis University School of Medicine
National Heart and Lung Institute
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
Humanitas Research Hospital
Medical University of Sofia
Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala
IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP)
Universidade da Beira Interior
Belgrade University School of Medicine
Hvidovre Hospital
L-Università ta' Malta
Veterinarmedizinische Universitat Wien
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine
Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg
Humanitas University
Hamad Medical Corporation
Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra
Institut Cochin
Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya
Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Finnish Meteorological Institute
Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona
Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR
Södersjukhuset
Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universitetas
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz
NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Bogomolets National Medical University
Scuola di Medicina
Escola de Medicina da Universidade do Minho
Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital
Jesseniuss Faculty of Medicine
Universidad Espíritu Santo
Dankook University, College of Medicine
JSS Medical College & Hospital, Mysuru
Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari
Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari
Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
Poltava State Medical University
Université Tichrine
Fundacion Clinica Medica Sur
Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP
Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto
Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology
Hospital de Dona Estefânia
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi
Skin and Allergy Hospital
Fukujuji Hospital
Faculty of Health Sciences
Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 im. Norberta Barlickiego w Lodz
Universiteti i Mjekësisë, Tiranë
Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Medicina
Bērnu klīniskā UniversItātes Slimnīca
Pantai Holdings Sdn Bhd
Ain Shams University Children's Hospital
USL Toscana Centro
Clinica Santa Isabel
Center for Rhinology and Allergology
Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS
Al-Sham Private University
Hospital CUF Descobertas
Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre
University Medical Center
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital
Medical Consulting Czarlewski
University Teaching Hospital in Martin
Croatian Pulmonary Society
Instituto and Hospital CUF
International Primary Care Respiratory Group
Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma
Respiralab Research Group
University Clinic of Pulmonology and Allergy
Allergy
Latín American Society of Allergy
Allergology Department
Patients’ Association “Respiriamo insieme”
Global NCD Platform
Københavns Universitet
Université Paris-Saclay
Karolinska Institutet
Uppsala Universitet
McMaster University
Universität Zürich
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Università degli Studi di Firenze
Universidade do Porto
AP-HP Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Università degli Studi di Genova
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
University of South Florida, Tampa
Chiba University
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Itä-Suomen yliopisto
Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave
Medical University of Warsaw
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Tartu Ülikool
Medical College of Georgia
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona
Universitätsmedizin Mainz
Universidade Federal da Bahia
Vilniaus Universitetas
IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital
Semmelweis Egyetem
Kuwait University
Saint Louis University School of Medicine
National Heart and Lung Institute
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública
Humanitas Research Hospital
Medical University of Sofia
Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala
IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP)
Universidade da Beira Interior
Belgrade University School of Medicine
Hvidovre Hospital
L-Università ta' Malta
Veterinarmedizinische Universitat Wien
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine
Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg
Humanitas University
Hamad Medical Corporation
Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra
Institut Cochin
Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya
Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Finnish Meteorological Institute
Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona
Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR
Södersjukhuset
Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universitetas
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz
NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Bogomolets National Medical University
Scuola di Medicina
Escola de Medicina da Universidade do Minho
Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital
Jesseniuss Faculty of Medicine
Universidad Espíritu Santo
Dankook University, College of Medicine
JSS Medical College & Hospital, Mysuru
Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari
Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari
Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
Poltava State Medical University
Université Tichrine
Fundacion Clinica Medica Sur
Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP
Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto
Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology
Hospital de Dona Estefânia
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi
Skin and Allergy Hospital
Fukujuji Hospital
Faculty of Health Sciences
Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 im. Norberta Barlickiego w Lodz
Universiteti i Mjekësisë, Tiranë
Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Medicina
Bērnu klīniskā UniversItātes Slimnīca
Pantai Holdings Sdn Bhd
Ain Shams University Children's Hospital
USL Toscana Centro
Clinica Santa Isabel
Center for Rhinology and Allergology
Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS
Al-Sham Private University
Hospital CUF Descobertas
Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre
University Medical Center
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital
Medical Consulting Czarlewski
University Teaching Hospital in Martin
Croatian Pulmonary Society
Instituto and Hospital CUF
International Primary Care Respiratory Group
Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma
Respiralab Research Group
University Clinic of Pulmonology and Allergy
Allergy
Latín American Society of Allergy
Allergology Department
Patients’ Association “Respiriamo insieme”
Global NCD Platform
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines produced their first edition in 1999, with subsequent revisions in 2008, 2010, 2016 and 2019. A new iteration of ARIA—ARIA 2024–2025—in collaboration with EAACI is currently being developed, focusing on the management of allergic rhinitis. ARIA 2024–2025 follows the GRADE framework and is endorsed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI). A set of approaches has been used to develop guideline questions, including surveying key opinion leaders and using artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools to analyse web searches on allergic rhinitis and to generate questions. Each prioritised guideline question is assessed through an Evidence-to-Decision (EtD) framework. EtDs support the systematic and transparent formulation of recommendations, comprising 12 criteria for which the best available evidence should be sought. In the context of ARIA-EAACI 2024–2025, such evidence is derived not only from randomised controlled trials but also—among others—from patient-generated data sources that better reflect the affected individuals' perspectives. Moreover, ARIA-EAACI 2024–2025 incorporates evidence on planetary health. Developed guideline recommendations will support the creation of digitalised decision algorithms and care pathways. This paper describes the methodology used to develop the person-centred, digitally enabled and AI-assisted ARIA-EAACI 2024–2025. Among others, it describes (i) the development and prioritisation of guideline questions, (ii) sources of evidence for EtDs and (iii) the development of digitalised decision algorithms and care pathways.