Dysregulated immunologic landscape of the early host response in melioidosis
Issued Date
2024-08-20
Resource Type
eISSN
23793708
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85204820244
Pubmed ID
39163129
Journal Title
JCI insight
Volume
9
Issue
18
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
JCI insight Vol.9 No.18 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Rongkard P., Xia L., Kronsteiner B., Yimthin T., Phunpang R., Dulsuk A., Hantrakun V., Wongsuvan G., Chamnan P., Lovelace-Macon L., Marchi E., Day N.P.J., Shojaie A., Limmathurotsakul D., Chantratita N., Klenerman P., Dunachie S.J., Eoin West T., Gharib S.A. Dysregulated immunologic landscape of the early host response in melioidosis. JCI insight Vol.9 No.18 (2024). doi:10.1172/jci.insight.179106 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101429
Title
Dysregulated immunologic landscape of the early host response in melioidosis
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Melioidosis, a neglected tropical infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, commonly presents as pneumonia or sepsis with mortality rates up to 50% despite appropriate treatment. A better understanding of the early host immune response to melioidosis may lead to new therapeutic interventions and prognostication strategies to reduce disease burden. Whole blood transcriptomic signatures in 164 patients with melioidosis and in 70 patients with other infections hospitalized in northeastern Thailand enrolled within 24 hours following hospital admission were studied. Key findings were validated in an independent melioidosis cohort. Melioidosis was characterized by upregulation of interferon (IFN) signaling responses compared with other infections. Mortality in melioidosis was associated with excessive inflammation, enrichment of type 2 immune responses, and a dramatic decrease in T cell-mediated immunity compared with survivors. We identified and independently confirmed a 5-gene predictive set classifying fatal melioidosis (validation cohort area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.83; 95% CI, 0.67-0.99). This study highlights the intricate balance between innate and adaptive immunity during fatal melioidosis and can inform future precision medicine strategies for targeted therapies and prognostication in this severe infection.