Mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations: Lessons for improving health and social equity
Issued Date
2023-07-01
Resource Type
ISSN
02779536
eISSN
18735347
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85160830467
Journal Title
Social Science and Medicine
Volume
328
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Social Science and Medicine Vol.328 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Tan S.Y., Foo C.D., Verma M., Hanvoravongchai P., Cheh P.L.J., Pholpark A., Marthias T., Hafidz F., Prawidya Putri L., Mahendradhata Y., Giang K.B., Nachuk S., Wang H., Lim J., Legido-Quigley H. Mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations: Lessons for improving health and social equity. Social Science and Medicine Vol.328 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116007 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/83013
Title
Mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations: Lessons for improving health and social equity
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had an inequitable and disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, reversing decades of progress toward healthy populations and poverty alleviation. This study examines various programmatic tools and policy measures used by governments to support vulnerable populations during the pandemic. A comparative case study of 15 countries representing all World Health Organization's regions offers a comprehensive picture of countries with varying income statuses, health system arrangements and COVID-19 public health measures. Through a systematic desk review and key informant interviews, we report a spectrum of mitigation strategies deployed in these countries to address five major types of vulnerabilities (health, economic, social, institutional and communicative). We found a multitude of strategies that supported vulnerable populations such as migrant workers, sex workers, prisoners, older persons and school-going children. Prioritising vulnerable populations during the early phase of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, direct financial subsidies and food assistance programmes were the most common measures reported. Additionally, framing public health information and implementing culturally sensitive health promotion interventions helped bridge the communication barriers in certain instances. However, these measures remain insufficient to protect vulnerable populations comprehensively. Our findings point to the need to expand fiscal space for health, enlarge healthcare coverage, incorporate equity principles in all policies, leverage technology, multi-stakeholder co-production of policies and tailored community engagement mechanisms.