Development of Antibacterial Biodegradable Film using Polyvinyl Alcohol, Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Annona muricata Leaves Extract Composite Incorporated with Chitosan
Issued Date
2026-03-01
Resource Type
ISSN
23056622
eISSN
23063599
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105037544824
Journal Title
International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences
Volume
15
Issue
2
Start Page
438
End Page
446
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences Vol.15 No.2 (2026) , 438-446
Suggested Citation
Bakar N.S.A., Bakar K., Nirmal N., Nor-Khaizura M.A.R., Saricaoglu F.T., Karim N.U. Development of Antibacterial Biodegradable Film using Polyvinyl Alcohol, Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Annona muricata Leaves Extract Composite Incorporated with Chitosan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences Vol.15 No.2 (2026) , 438-446. 446. doi:10.47278/journal.ijab/2025.187 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/116599
Title
Development of Antibacterial Biodegradable Film using Polyvinyl Alcohol, Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Annona muricata Leaves Extract Composite Incorporated with Chitosan
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
This study aims to develop and characterize antibacterial biodegradable film using polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and Annona muricata leaf extract (15%) reinforced with chitosan (0, 1, 2, and 4%). Surface morphology and biomaterial interaction were accessed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Film reinforced with 4% chitosan showed the greatest thickness (P<0.05) compared to others. The elongation at break (EAB) of Annona-based film reinforced with 1% chitosan was considerably higher (P<0.05) than controls. The annona-based film reinforced with 4% chitosan demonstrated significantly higher opacity (P<0.05) than controls. The film was completely degradable in the soil on day 16. Anonna-based film inhibited R. planticola, C. farmeri, C. braakii, A. hydrophila and S. lentus. Furthermore, an increased chitosan concentration showed increased antibacterial activity of the film. Therefore, Annona-based film reinforced with 4% chitosan shows promising potential as a biodegradable packaging material.