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Publication Open Access Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Kegalle district, Sri Lanka(2015) Sriyal Wijesinghe; Sariyamon Tiraphat; Seo Ah Hong; Jiraporn Chompikul; Nilmini Hemachandra; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentMaternal nutritional status is an important factor for a better outcome of the pregnancy. Anaemia and being underweight are preventable nutritional deficiencies which should be addressed long before the pregnancy. This cross sectional analytical..., birth spacing with a child less than 3 yrs of age and strengthening of pre-pregnancy iron supplementation for expecting women with low BMI (underweight) will be useful modes to prevent future anaemia during the pregnancy.Publication Open Access ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมโภชนาการและการรับประทานยาบำรุงธาตุเหล็กต่อภาวะโลหิตจางจากการขาดธาตุเหล็กในสตรีตั้งครรภ์(2558) วิภาวดี พิพัฒน์กุล; Wipawadee Pipatkul; นิตยา สินสุกใส; Nittaya Sinsuksai; วรรณา พาหุวัฒนกร; Wanna Phahuwatanakorn; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะพยาบาลศาสตร์; อุบลราชธานี. ศูนย์อนามัยที่ 7. กลุ่มอนามัยแม่และเด็กPurpose: To determine effects of a nutrition and iron supplement promoting program on iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women visiting the antenatal care unit at Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubonratchathani Province. Design: Quasi-experimental... the experimental group received the nutrition and iron supplement promoting program. Hematocrit was measured eight weeks after recruitment. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-Square test, and t-test. Main findingPublication Open Access Relationship between stunting and food provided to children aged from 6 to 24 months in Soc Son district, Hanoi,Vietnam(2009) Vu, Thi Nguyet Anh; Jiraporn Chompikul; จิราพร ชมพิกุล; Sirikul Isaranurug; ศิริกุล อิศรานุรักษ์; Jiraporn Chompikul; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentlow birth weight (OR=7.720, 95% CI = 1.672-35.687), inappropriate feeding practices (OR=1.929, 95% CI=1.124-3.308) and having ARI (OR=4.315, 95% CI=1.361-13.677). Appropriate nutritional education, diet and iron supplementation should be given... selected as a study group and 118 normal children were selected as a control group. Secondary data included nutritional status and child’s birth weight. Mothers were interviewed and measured for their height after giving consent to participate. From ChiPublication Open Access Glutathione Redox system in Beta-Thalassemia/Hb E patients(2013) Kalpravidh, Ruchaneekorn W.; Thongchai Tangjaidee; Suneerat Hatairaktham; Ratiya Charoensakdi; Narumol Panichkul; Noppadol Siritanaratkul; Suthat Fucharoen; Mahidol University. Institute of Molecular Biosciences. Thalassemia Research Center; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Medicine; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Biochemistryβ-thalassemia/Hb E is known to cause oxidative stress induced by iron overload. The glutathione system is the major endogenous antioxidant that protects animal cells from oxidative damage. This study aimed to determine the effect of disease state... were recruited and blood was collected. The GSH/GSSG ratio, activities of glutathione-related enzymes, hematological parameters, and serum ferritin levels were determined in individuals. Patients had high iron-induced oxidative stress, shownPublication Open Access Nutritional status and related factors among elementary school students in Banda Aceh Municipality,Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province, Indonesia(2008) Badrialaily; บาเดียไลลี; Jutatip Silabutra; Pantyp Ramosoota; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentA descriptive cross sectional study was conduct to study nutritional status and related factors among elementary school children Banda Aceh Municipality, NAD Province, Indonesia. Basic statistics and Chi-square were used to analyze the data. 80....99% of respondent live with parents, and two third of them had healthy weight. All of them took snack at least 1 time per day, and they mostly spent between 1,743- 3,785 rupiah daily for buying snack. The association between nutritional status and somePublication Open Access Identification and key management of non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia patients: not a rare but potentially under-recognised condition(2014) Vip Viprakasit; Tyan, Paul; Sarayuth Rodmai; Taher, Ali T.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital. Department of Pediatrics and Thalassemia Centerspleen and/or liver, skeletal deformities, growth retardation, elevated serum ferritin and iron overload. The contributing factors to disease progression are ineffective erythropoiesis and increased haemolysis, which lead to chronic anaemia. The body’s... from other anaemias including sideroblastic anaemia, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and iron-deficiency anaemia. Management of NTDT is based on managing symptoms, and includesPublication Open Access Transcriptional profiles of Burkholderia pseudomallei reveal the direct and indirect roles of Sigma E under oxidative stress conditions(2014) Siroj Jitprasutwit; Ong, Catherine; Niramol Juntawieng; Wen Fong Ooi; Hemsley, Claudia M.; Paiboon Vattanaviboon; Titball, Richard W.; Tan, Patrick; Sunee Korbsrisate; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of ImmunologyBackground: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is a Gram-negative bacterium widely distributed in soil and water in endemic areas. This soil saprophyte can survive harsh environmental conditions, even in soils where herbicides (containing superoxide generators) are abundant. Sigma factor E (σE) is a key regulator of extra-cytoplasmic stress response in Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we identified the B. pseudomallei σE regulon and characterized the indirect role that σE plays in the regulation of spermidine, contributing to the successful survival of B. pseudomallei in stressful environments. Results: Changes in the global transcriptional profiles of B. pseudomallei wild type and σE mutant under physiological and oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide) conditions were determined. We identified 307 up-regulated genes under oxidative stress condition. Comparison of the transcriptional profiles of B. pseudomallei wild type and σE mutant under control or oxidative stress conditions identified 85 oxidative-responsive genes regulated by σE, including genes involved in cell membrane repair, maintenance of protein folding and oxidative stress response and potential virulence factors such as a type VI secretion system (T6SS). Importantly, we identified that the speG gene, encoding spermidine-acetyltransferase, is a novel member of the B. pseudomallei σE regulon. The expression of speG was regulated by σE, implying that σE plays an indirect role in the regulation of physiological level of spermidine to protect the bacteria during oxidative stress. Conclusion: This study identified B. pseudomallei genes directly regulated by σE in response to oxidative stress and revealed the indirect role of σE in the regulation of the polyamine spermidine (via regulation of speG) for bacterial cell protection during oxidative stress. This study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms by which σE contributes to the survival of B. pseudomallei under stressful conditions.Publication Open Access Obstetric morbidity care in Thailand: do communities matter?(2008-01) Sharad Kumar Sharma; Panee Vong-Ek; ภาณี วงษ์เอก; Boonlert Leoprapai; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social ResearchPrevious research on maternal health care has focused on individual-level factors, and the role of community-level factors in obtaining obstetric care has not received sufficient attention. This study addresses this gap by examining how community context is associated with obstetric morbidity care-seeking behavior among Thai women in the Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System. Multi-level logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association. While percentage of not working, percentage of people with health insurance, percentage of people with education less than grade ten, and availability of school in the village were positive predictors of care-seeking behavior for morbidity during pregnancy, distance of village to the district center and availability of transportation facilities in the village were positive predictors and average household income in the village was a negative predictor of care-seeking behavior of morbidity during delivery or after delivery. Careseeking behavior also varied across the villages. Preventive behavior and medical risk factors partially mediated the community effect on care-seeking behavior. However, community characteristics retained their important association with obstetric morbidity care. Community context should therefore not be overlooked while implementing maternal health interventions.Publication Open Access Anthelminthic effects of artemisinin and its derivatives(2013) Tawewan Tansatit; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal ScienceQinghao (Artemisia annua, L.), a famous herb from China, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Artemisinin, an active substance is extracted from the leaves and flowers of Qinghao, with a unique sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide structure showing an antimalarial activity. Derivatives of artemisinin, artesunate and artemether, are the most widely used as antimalarial drugs. Since artemisinin not only possess antimalarial properties, but also active against various parasitic infection. Ongoing research on these compounds has been emphasized on the potential impact for anthelmintic treatment. Artemisinin derivatives exhibited a broad spectrum property against various trematodes, nematode, and cestode both in vitro and in vivo studies. These helminthocidal properties of artemisinin derivatives presented here provide further data for clinical investigations in the field trial study. However, a better understanding of action of artemisinin derivatives and their biomolecule target may contribute a promising possibility for clinical utility in anthelmintic application. Toxicity of artemisinin derivatives was less and was demonstrated in experimental animals with neurotoxicity and anemia.Publication Open Access Effect of colony morphology variation of Burkholderia pseudomallei on intracellular survival and resistance to antimicrobial environments in human macrophages in vitro(2010-11-10) Sarunporn Tandhavanant; ศรัณย์พร ตัณฑวนันท์; Aunchalee Thanwisai; อัญชลี ฐานวิสัย; Direk Limmathurotsakul; ดิเรก ลิ้มมธุรสกุล; Sunee Korbsrisate; Day, Nicholas P.J.; Peacock, Sharon J.; Narisara Chantratita; นริศรา จันทรานิตย; Narisara Chantratita; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Immunology; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Immunology.morphology types II and III were generated from 5 parental type I B. pseudomallei isolates using nutritional limitation. Survival of types II and III were compared with type I for all assays. RESULTS: Morphotype was associated with survival in the presence